CO_(2)与液态物质耦合对沉香形成及成分的影响  

Formation and composition of agarwood co-induced by CO_(2)coupling with liquid substances in Aquilaria sinensis

作　　者：赵威威 周再知[1] 刘高峰 张青青[1] 黄桂华 庞圣江[1,4] ZHAO Weiwei;ZHOU Zaizhi;LIU Gaofeng;ZHANG Qingqing;HUANG Guihua;PANG Shengjiang(Research Institute of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou 510520,China;College of Forestry,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;College of Agriculture and Biological Engineering,Heze College,Heze 274000,China;Tropical Forestry Experimental Center,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Pingxiang 532600,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广东广州510520 [2]南京林业大学林学院,江苏南京210037 [3]菏泽学院农业与生物工程学院,山东菏泽274000 [4]中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心,广西凭祥532600

出　　处：《华南农业大学学报》2024年第1期60-70,共11页Journal of South China Agricultural University

基　　金：广东省林业科技创新项目(2017KJCX001);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2022MB004)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明CO_(2)与液态物质(无机盐、激素和真菌)耦合对土沉香Aquilaria sinensis结香的诱导效果,寻求高效诱导土沉香结香的新方法,为人工诱导结香技术促进结香提供理论依据。【方法】以13年生土沉香为研究对象,采用CO_(2)与3种液态物质(无机盐、激素和真菌)耦合的方法诱导处理树体,1年后,取样观察沉香树体结香部位切片组织结构和内含物变化,并检测醇溶性挥发油含量及化学成分。【结果】1)不同诱导处理对土沉香木质部中的淀粉颗粒均有不同程度的消耗。木薄壁细胞内侵填物质通过导管–薄壁细胞间半具缘纹孔进入相邻导管内积累至完全堵塞。2)CO_(2)与3种液态物质(无机盐、激素和真菌)诱导处理中,射线薄壁细胞、轴向薄壁细胞和导管内油脂类物质积累存在差异,CK-1(只充CO_(2))仅存有少量油脂类物质,CK-2(只打孔不充CO_(2))未观察到油脂类物质。3)诱导变色范围受诱导方法影响较大,处理孔位置越远诱导变色距离越短,CO_(2)与无机盐联合诱导处理变色范围最大。4)不同诱导处理的醇溶性挥发油含量存在差异,黑褐色树脂越多含量越高。GCMS结果显示,5种诱导处理后共鉴定出74种化合物,其中共有的成分主要为11种,且部分醇溶性挥发油成分的相对含量在不同处理间差异较大。【结论】5种诱导方式所产沉香样品的醇溶性挥发油含量、沉香特征性成分及含量存在差异,CO_(2)与无机盐耦合诱导的土沉香特征性成分和含量均高于其他处理,诱导所产沉香品质最好,其次为CO_(2)与真菌联合诱导所产沉香,仅填充CO_(2)所产沉香品质较差。To investigate the effect of CO_(2)coupling with liquid substances(inorganic salts,hormones,and fungi)on agarwood induction in Aquilaria sinensis,seek a new method for the efficient induction of agarwood,and provide a basis for artificial induction technology promoting agarwood formation.【Method】The method of coupling CO_(2)with three liquid substances(inorganic salts,hormones,and fungi)was used to induce agarwood formation in 13-year-old A.sinensis trees for one year.Samples were taken to observe the changes of tissue structure and inclusions in the sections of agarwood-bearing parts of A.sinensis trees,and detect the differences of content and chemical composition in alcohol-soluble volatile oil.【Result】1)Different induction treatments depleted the starch granules in the xylem of the incense tree to different degrees.The invasive materials in the wood thin-walled cells were entering into the adjacent ducts through the semi-ciliated pores between the ducts and thin-walled cells,and accumulated until the ducts were completely blocked.2)CO_(2)and three liquid substances(inorganic salts,hormones,and fungi)induced differences in the accumulation of oil-like substances in ray thin-walled cells,axial thin-walled cells and ducts,with only a small amount of oil-like substances in CK-1(Only filled with gas CO_(2))and no oil-like substances observed in CK-2(Only punching,not filled with gas CO_(2)).3)The range of induced discoloration was greatly affected by the induction method,the distance of induced discoloration was shorter with the farther location of the treated holes,and the range of discoloration in the combined CO_(2)and inorganic salt induction treatment was the largest.4)The content of alcohol-soluble volatile oil varied significantly among the different induction treatments,and the more black-brown resin it contained,the higher the content.The GC-MS results showed that 74 compounds were identified after the five induction treatments,11 of which were common components,and the relative contents of some a

关 键 词：CO_(2) 耦合 树脂 化学成分 沉香 诱导方式 

分 类 号：S567.19[农业科学—中草药栽培] S792.99[农业科学—作物学]