大白猪多群体一步法基因组选择的应用效果分析  

Application Effect Analysis of Single-step Genomic Selection in Multi-population of Yorkshire Pig

作　　者：卢宇金 黄珍 许华钊 石少磊 周洁 张哲[2] 谢水华 LU Yujin;HUANG Zhen;XU Huazhao;SHI Shaoei;ZHOU Jie;ZHANG Zhe;XIE Shuihua(Agriculture Technology Extension Centre of Guangdong Province,Guangzhou 510520,China;College of Animal Science,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Guangdong iPig Technology Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510470,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业技术推广中心,广东广州510520 [2]华南农业大学动物科学学院,广东广州510642 [3]广东艾佩克科技有限公司,广东广州510470

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2023年第11期113-122,共10页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东省乡村振兴战略专项资金种业振兴项目(2022);国家生猪产业技术体系项目(CARS-35)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究在拥有大量无基因型参考群的群体中,基因组选择(GS)方法与传统BLUP方法预测准确性的差异。同时,对比联合评估中GBLUP和一步法GBLUP的应用效果,为联合评估提供参考依据。【方法】使用6个大白猪群体(A~F)的校正达100 kg体重日龄(DAYS_100)和校正达100 kg体重背膘厚(BFT_100)2个性状进行分析,并估计遗传力及遗传相关。探究BLUP、GBLUP和ssGBLUP模型在不同群体及合并群体中的预测准确性。【结果】(1)F群体BFT_100性状遗传力较低、仅为0.071,其他群体的BFT_100性状遗传力为0.205~0.383。6个群体的DAYS_100性状遗传力为0.258~0.598。(2)除D群体2个性状间的遗传相关为0.211外,其他群体的遗传相关为负相关(-0.462~-0.200)。(3)对于DAYS_100性状,B、C、E和F群体中GBLUP模型的预测准确性最高。对于BFT_100性状,A、B和C群体中ssGBLUP模型的预测准确性最高,而D和E群体中GBLUP模型的预测准确性最高。(4)F群体与A群体的场间关联率(CR)达3.096%,而在F群体中,使用合并参考群的一步法基因组选择,可以提高BFT_100性状的预测准确性。【结论】在基因型个体数>500且群体占比>7%的群体中,GBLUP或ssGBLUP模型的预测准确性高于BLUP模型;利用ssGBLUP模型对场间关联率达到3%的群体进行联合评估,可提高低遗传力性状的预测准确性。【Objective】Exploring the difference in prediction accuracy between genome selection(GS)and traditional BLUP methods in the presence of a large number of non-genotype reference populations.Assessing the application effect of GBLUP and ssGBLUP in the joint evaluation to provide recommendations for joint evaluation.【Method】Two straits of days to reach 100 kg(DAYS_100)and the average backfat thickness at 100 kg(BFT_100)were analyzed in six Yorkshire populations,and the heritability and genetic correlation of the two traits were estimated.Exploring the prediction accuracy of BLUP,GBLUP and ssGBLUP models in different populations and combined populations.【Result】(1)In F population,the heritability of BFT_100 was only 0.071,while in other populations it was between 0.205 and 0.383.The heritability of DAYS_100 in six populations ranged from 0.258 to 0.598.(2)The genetic correlation between the two traits in D population was 0.211,however,in other populations,the genetic correlations were negative,ranging from-0.462 to-0.200.(3)For DAYS_100 trait,the GBLUP model showed the best prediction accuracy in B,C,E,and F populations.For BFT_100 trait,the ssGBLUP model had the best prediction accuracy in populations A,B,and C,while the GBLUP model performed better in populations D and E.(4)The connectedness rating(CR)between F and A population was 3.096%.In F population,single-step genomic selection using combined reference populations can improve the prediction accuracy of BFT_100 trait.【Conclusion】When the number of genotyped individuals in the population exceeds 500 and the proportion is above 7%,the prediction accuracy of GBLUP or ssGBLUP model will be higher than that of BLUP model.ssGBLUP model can be used to improve the prediction accuracy of low heritability traits in joint population that the CR reaches 3%between population.

关 键 词：基因组选择 一步法GBLUP(ssGBLUP) 大白猪 合并群体 场间关联率 遗传力 生长性状 

分 类 号：S114[农业科学—农业基础科学] S813.1