3D打印开源硬件的知识产权许可路径解析  

Analysis of Intellectual Property License Path for Open-Source Hardware in 3D Printing

作　　者：张启彬 郑友德[3] Zhang Qibin;Zheng Youde

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学马克思主义学院 [2]湖北汽车工业学院人文学院 [3]华中科技大学法学院

出　　处：《电子知识产权》2023年第12期27-38,共12页Electronics Intellectual Property

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目《3D打印产业发展与知识产权制度变革研究》(项目编号:14ZDB146)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：以设计制造民主化为特点的3D打印开源硬件,在带来多元经营模式、降低研发成本等利好的同时,亦产生增加侵权风险、模糊违法界限、难以追究责任等法律困境,对现有知识产权制度提出严峻挑战。在现有法律制度基础上,构建符合3D打印开源硬件社区需求的知识产权许可私人秩序,成为当务之急。研究表明,开源软件许可的“附解除条件的版权授权”架构较为成熟;针对开源硬件设计中的专利障碍,采取具有比较优势的“专利权平和条款”的专利许可架构。两者共同构成3D打印开源硬件知识产权许可的支柱。The open-source hardware for 3D printing,characterized by democratization of design and manufacturing,not only brings benefits such as diversified business models and reduced research and development costs,but also creates legal challenges such as increased infringement risks,blurred boundaries of illegal activities,and difficulty in holding individuals accountable,posing a serious challenge to the existing intellectual property system.Building a private order for intellectual property licensing that meets the needs of the 3D printing open-source hardware community,based on the existing legal system,has become an urgent task.Research has shown that the“conditional copyright authorization”architecture for open-source software licenses is relatively mature;To address patent barriers in open-source hardware design,a patent licensing architecture with comparative advantages,known as the“Patent Peace Clause,”is adopted.The two together constitute the backbone of 3D printing open-source hardware intellectual property licensing.

关 键 词：3D打印 开源硬件 许可证 版权 专利权 

分 类 号：D923.4[政治法律—民商法学]