充磁方式对偏心状态下外转子永磁电机振动噪声影响分析  

Influence of magnetization mode on vibration and noise of outer-rotor permanent magnet motor under eccentricity

作　　者：张婷婷 孙维国 葛梦 钱成 ZHANG Tingting;SUN Weiguo;GE Meng;QIAN Cheng(Guangdong Welling Motor Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.Foshan 528333)

机构地区：[1]广东威灵电机制造有限公司,广东顺德528333

出　　处：《家电科技》2023年第S01期174-180,共7页Journal of Appliance Science & Technology

摘　　要：由于单相永磁无刷直流电机气隙不均匀的特点,加上不可避免的转子与转轴之间同心度加工制造的偏差,会给电机气隙磁密及径向电磁力带来丰富的谐波含量。针对冰箱风机外转子单相永磁无刷直流电机存在的11~20倍机械频噪声问题,首先对未偏心与偏心状态下永磁电机径向电磁力进行解析推导,并指出偏心下径向电磁力波阶次及倍频的变化。其次分析渐变气隙对电机气隙磁密的影响、表磁曲线对气隙磁密、反电势谐波含量以及动偏心状态下径向电磁力的影响。仿真结果表明合理调整充磁方式、削弱表磁曲线磁极两端尖峰值可有效降低11~20倍机械频径向电磁力。最后通过实验验证平顶波表磁方案可明显改善噪声问题,整机噪声峰值降低35%,研究结果为外转子永磁电机稳健设计提供借鉴意义。Due to the asymmetric structure of air gap of the single-phase permanent magnet brushless DC motor,coupled with the inevitable deviation of the concentricity processing between the rotor and shaft,it will bring rich harmonic content to the air gap magnetic density and radial electromagnetic force.Aiming at the problem of 11~20-fold frequency noise in the single-phase external rotor refrigerator fan,first derives the radial electromagnetic force of the permanent magnet motor in the uneccentric and eccentric state,and points out the radial electromagnetic force order and frequency under eccentric state.Secondly,it analyzes the influence of gradual air gap on the air gap flux density of the motor,and the influence of different surface magnetic curves on the air gap flux density and back EMF harmonic content,and the influence of different surface magnetization schemes on the radial electromagnetic force under the moving eccentric state is analyzed.The simulation results show that reasonable adjustment of the magnetization method and weakening the peak magnetic peak can effectively reduce the amplitude of the radial electromagnetic force.Finally,it is verified through experiments that the flat-top wavetable magnetic scheme can significantly improve the noise problem.The research results provide a reference for the design of the outer-rotor p ermanent magnet motor.

关 键 词：单相永磁无刷直流电机 转子偏心 振动噪声 充磁方式 外转子电机 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机]