河南省典型工业区地下水水质分析及重金属健康风险评价  

Groundwater quality analysis and health risk assessment of heavy metals in industrial areas of Henan Province,China

作　　者：吕海洋 党秀丽[1] 朱影影 赵龙[2] 侯红[2] 徐荣斌 徐向华[3] LÜHaiyang;DANG Xiuli;ZHU Yingying;ZHAO Long;HOU Hong;XU Rongbin;XU Xianghua(College of Land and Environment,Shenyang Agricultural University,National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources,Northeast Key Laboratory of Conservation and Improvement of Cultivated Land,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shenyang 110866,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;Department of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 310029,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院,农业农村部东北耕地保育重点实验室,土肥资源高效利用国家工程实验室,沈阳110866 [2]中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [3]南京信息工程大学农业资源与环境系,南京310029

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2023年第12期2740-2751,共12页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC1807703,2019YFC1804603)。

摘　　要：为了探清河南省工业区地下水水质情况及重金属健康风险状况,以河南省5个工业区为研究对象,对该区域内46组地下水样品进行检测。利用基于R语言的模糊综合评价模型、相关性分析评价研究地下水环境质量,并运用健康风险评价模型评价重金属元素对人体的健康风险。结果表明,除pH和耗氧量外,其余地下水常规指标均有超标。重金属指标中的Pb、Fe、Mn、As等也存在着不同程度的超标情况,其中Pb超标率最高,研究区地下水重金属总体离散程度高。研究区地下水点位的水质未达到地下水Ⅲ类水质标准的占20.45%。重金属元素总浓度堆积值排在前3的采样点分别是JL05、JL09和QS04,最高者达11539.49μg·L^(-1)。重金属与常规指标之间的相关性分析结果显示,酸碱度影响着Cd、Cr^(6+)和Ni的质量浓度,Pb、As与总硬度之间呈负相关关系,与NO_(2)-N则呈显著的正相关关系;Ni、Mn、Zn含量受其他组分影响较大;Fe与Mn、Hg、As,Mn与Ni、As呈显著的正相关关系。健康风险评价显示,暴露人群经口摄入的健康风险大于经皮肤接触的,未成年人受到的健康风险略高于成年人;致癌总风险高于非致癌总风险,As、Cd是引起该地区人群致癌健康风险的两个首要因子。模糊综合评价和健康风险评价两种模型的评价结果有所差异,在研究水环境污染状况时,结合两种模型可使结果分析更全面。To investigate the groundwater quality,health risks of heavy metals,and provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of groundwater pollution in industrial areas of Henan Province and the protection of its water safety for urban residents,46 samples of groundwater were collected in five industrial zones of the province.The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model based on the R program and correlation analysis were used to evaluate the groundwater environmental quality in the study area,and a health risk assessment model was used to assess the health risks of heavy metals.The results showed that,with the exception of pH and oxygen consumption,all conventional indices exceeded the standard.Among the heavy metal indices,the concentrations of Pb,Fe,Al,Mn,and As exceeded the standard to various degrees,with the exceedance rate of Pb being the highest.The overall dispersion degree of heavy metals in groundwater in the study area was high.Within the study area,20.45%of the groundwater points did not meet the ClassⅢwater quality standard.The top three sampling points of accumulated concentration of total heavy metal elements were JL05,JL09,and QS04,respectively,with a highest concentration of 11539.49μg·L^(-1).The correlations among heavy metals and other components of groundwater showed that pH affected the mass concentration of Cd,Cr^(6+),and Ni.The concentrations of Pb and As were negatively correlated with total hardness but positively correlated with NO_(2)-N.The contents of Ni,Mn,and Zn were greatly affected by other components.Fe was positively correlated with Mn,Hg,and As,and Mn was positively correlated with Ni and As.The health risk assessment showed that the health risk of oral ingestion was greater than the health risk of skin contact and that the health risk to minors was slightly higher than to adults.The total risk of carcinogenesis was higher than the total risk of non-carcinogenesis.As and Cd were the two main factors causing carcinogenic health risk in this region.The results of the fuzzy

关 键 词：工业区 地下水 模糊综合评价 重金属 健康风险评价 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X824