基于社会网络的小流域乡村聚落空间韧性评估与优化  

Spatial Resilience Assessment and Optimization of Rural Settlements in Small Watershed Based on Social Network

作　　者：周吉喆 刘禧瑞 李清泽 侯全华[2] 刘思琪 ZHOU Jizhe;LIU Xirui;LI Qingze;HOU Quanhua;LIU Siqi

机构地区：[1]长安大学建筑学院 [2]长安大学建筑学院,低碳城市空间与交通协同规划陕西省高校工程研究中心 [3]陕西地建土地工程技术研究院有限责任公司

出　　处：《西部人居环境学刊》2023年第6期129-135,共7页Journal of Human Settlements in West China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52178030);教育部“春晖计划”合作科研项目(HZKY20220521);十四五国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3802803)。

摘　　要：黄土丘陵沟壑区的乡村聚落在退耕还林与快速城镇化的影响下,基于传统社会关系形成的聚居形式难以适应并逐步衰落,需要协同时空间变化,实现韧性发展。本研究以社会网络研究小流域乡村聚落空间韧性,构建“拓扑仿真—韧性评估—空间优化”的研究框架;以汃河流域为例,基于社会网络对乡村聚落从现状到未来的多种演变趋势仿真,通过复杂网络指标对聚落空间韧性评估,并基于韧性评估结果对流域乡村聚落空间优化。最终确定了区域村镇体系及公共服务设施建设标准,划分6类乡村发展类型并提出分类引导建议。近期行政村数应为29个,人口约为3.89万人,建设用地控制为466.7 hm2;远期行政村数应为23个,人口约为2.91万人,建设用地控制为349.5 hm2,并形成“交通廊道乡村带+特色小镇”的理想空间形态。研究成果解决了在复杂变化中揭示乡村聚落空间韧性的科学问题,可为小流域乡村聚落韧性评估与空间规划提供指导。Under the influence of farmland afforestation and rapid urbanization,it is necessary to coordinate spatio-temporal changes and follow the path of resilience development for the rural settlements in the less hilly-gully region because the traditional settlement forms originally formed based on traditional social relations are difficult to adapt to the development and gradually declining.The changes in social relations,such as intercourses,services,and consumption between settlements have made it difficult to maintain the village system.This has led to inappropriate resource allocation and mismatched public services,resulting in the decline of rural settlements.However,instead of declining,rural settlements should strive for resilient contraction.It is necessary to optimize the rural system by classifying and controlling rural settlements.This paper investigated the spatial resilience of rural settlements in the small watersheds based on social networks,and developed a research framework which was“topology simulation–resilience evaluation–spatial optimization”.Taking the Pa river basin as an example,multiple development trends of rural settlements from the present situation to the future were simulated based on social networks,the spatial resilience of settlements was evaluated by complex network indicators,and the spatial optimization of rural settlements in the basin was realized based on the resilience evaluation results.The study found that rural settlements in the watershed were concentrated in three specific areas,with urban-rural connections accounting for 48.2%of the total.Two types of social linkages,branching and reticulation,were identified,and development axes were formed based on river valleys and transportation trunk roads.In the future,the status of six villages will change,and road axes will gradually replace river valley axes,resulting in the concentration of core towards the south-western main road.Throughout the process of settlement development,16.28%of rural settlements have a significa

关 键 词：小流域 社会网络 空间韧性 韧性评估 

分 类 号：TU982.29[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]