东海区域微塑料污染治理的软法之需  

The Need for Soft Law in the Governance of Microplastic Pollution in the East China Sea

作　　者：蒋晨帆 郝会娟 JIANG Chenfan;HAO Huijuan(School of Law,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学法学院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《浙江海洋大学学报（人文科学版）》2023年第6期15-22,共8页Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University(Humanities Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“中日韩岛屿和海洋权益争端解决机制研究”(编号:20CCJ035)。

摘　　要：东海区域是全球重要的海洋经济合作区域之一,也是微塑料污染较为严重的区域之一。当前应用于东海区域微塑料污染治理的多为硬法规范,其在立法机制、法律内容及执行监管上存在诸多局限性而无法适应日益变化的海洋微塑料污染现状。而软法的原理阐释、指引示范、规范填补等功能可以有效适配东海区域海洋条件特殊、区域国家经济发展水平不一、国际关系复杂等特点,有助于促进国际合作、提高法律执行效率、弥补硬法不足。为此,应通过推动多元化软法性规范立法,优化主体结构,推进协同治理,设立常态化的执法与监管机制等举措,实现东海区域微塑料污染的有效治理。The East China Sea region is one of the important marine economic cooperation regions in the world,but it is also one of the regions with relatively severe microplastic pollution.Currently,most of the regulations applied to the East China Sea region belong to hard laws,which cannot adapt to the changing situation of marine microplastic pollution due to the limitations in legislative mechanism,legal content and enforcement.However,such functions of the soft law as the principle interpretation,guidance and demonstration,and normalization and filling up,can not only effectively adapt such characteristics as the special marine conditions of East China Sea,the unbalanced economic development levels in the regional countries and the complicated international relationships,and so on so forth,but also help promote international cooperation,improve the efficiency of law enforcement,and make up for the shortage of hard law.Therefore,the moves are taken to achieve the transnational governance by promoting the legislation of diversified soft law norms,optimizing the structure of subjects,promoting collaborative governance,and setting up a regular enforcement and regulatory mechanism,among other initiatives.

关 键 词：海洋微塑料 东海 软法 协同治理 跨界污染 

分 类 号：D922.683[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]