粗铂氯化浸出工艺优化及实践  

Optimization and practice of chlorination leaching process of crude platinum

作　　者：陈一恒 CHEN Yiheng(Zijin Copper Co.Ltd.,Longyan 364204,China;Fujian Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Copper Green Production and Associated Resources,Longyan 364204,China)

机构地区：[1]紫金铜业有限公司,福建龙岩364204 [2]福建省铜绿色生产及伴生资源综合利用重点实验室,福建龙岩364204

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2023年第6期73-77,共5页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

摘　　要：某企业以氯铂酸铵为原料,采用水合肼还原-粗铂氯化浸出-氯化铵沉铂工艺精炼铂,原有浸出工艺参数下铂浸出率小于70%,导致铂直收率低。本文在原工艺基础上考察了反应温度、氯酸钠用量、盐酸浓度对铂浸出率的影响,并进行了生产实践,得到以下结论:在反应温度90℃、氯酸钠加入量为粗铂粉重量的22%、盐酸浓度3.0 mol/L、搅拌速度450 r/min、液固比6:1、反应时间4 h的试验条件下,缓慢加入氯酸钠,铂浸出率可以达到92.5%;生产实践表明该试验条件浸出效果良好且稳定,铂浸出率维持在约92%,远高于原工艺条件下的铂浸出率70%,工艺优化效果良好;生产中采用的反应釜槽体及搅拌装置等均为钛材,精炼产生的废气和废水进入金精炼废气、废水处理系统,达标后排放。An enterprise used ammonium chloroplatinate as raw material to refine platinum by hydrazine hydrate reduction-chlorination leaching of crude platinum-platinum precipitation with ammonium chloride.Under the original leaching parameters,the leaching rate of platinum was less than 70%,resulting in low direct yield of platinum.In this paper,the effects of reaction temperature,sodium chlorate dosage and hydrochloric acid concentration on the leaching rate of platinum were investigated.The production practice was carried out and the following conclusions were obtained.Under the experimental conditions of reaction temperature 90℃,sodium chlorate dosage 22%of the weight of crude platinum powder,hydrochloric acid concentration 3.0 mol/L,stirring speed 450 r/min,liquid-solid ratio 6:1 and reaction time 4 h,the leaching rate of platinum can reach 92.5%by adding sodium chlorate slowly.The production practice shows that the leaching effect is good and stable under the experimental conditions.The platinum leaching rate is maintained at about 92%,which is much higher than the platinum leaching rate of 70%under the original process conditions.The process optimization effect is good.The reaction kettle tank and stirring device used in the process are all titanium materials.The waste gas and wastewater produced enter the gold refining waste gas and wastewater treatment system,and are discharged after reaching the standard.

关 键 词：铂精炼 粗铂 氯化浸出 浸出率 防腐 废气、废液处理 

分 类 号：TF833[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]