我国平台经济领域反垄断指南的竞争政策评估  

Reviewing China’s Antitrust Guidelines for the Platform Economy Sector from a Competition Policy Perspective

作　　者：兰磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学知识产权学院

出　　处：《竞争政策研究》2023年第6期36-59,共24页Competition Policy Research

摘　　要：2020年底我国提出强化反垄断执法的政策,随即掀起了轰轰烈烈的平台经济反垄断执法高潮,各类主体趁机推出多部平台经济反垄断指南。根据执法运动的实效,2022年年中我国及时调整监管政策,转向平台经济“常态化监管”。有必要评估这些指南的存续价值。通过分析两份典型指南揭示出,这些指南存在严重缺陷。由于缺乏清晰的垄断行为分析框架和对竞争损害的关注,这些指南导致反垄断法的边界过度扩张。由于对商业行为、市场规律、经济学研究成果和反垄断法体系性认识不足,这些指南过度敌视正常商业行为。这些指南还对平台经济及其独特事实性特征认识不足,导致调整对象不明确、对特殊竞争关切的分析缺位。鉴此,我国应当重新考量相关指南的作用与意义。China established the policy of enhancing antitrust enforcement in late 2020,followed immediately by a high-profile antitrust movement in the platform economy sector,and various bodies issued antitrust guidelines for this sector in the process.Drawing upon the efficacy of this movement,China timely adjusted its regulatory policy for the platform economy sector in mid-year 2022,switching to the"regular regulation"policy.Therefore,it’s necessary to review these guidelines.An analysis of two exemplary such guidelines shows that these guidelines are abound of serious deficiencies.Due to the absence of clear frameworks for analyzing antitrust offenses and of attention to competitive harms,these guidelines lead to excessive expansion of antitrust law’s boundaries.Due to deficiencies in cognizing business practices,market laws,insights from economics or the systemic nature of antitrust law,these guidelines show undue hostility to normal business practices.These guidelines also lack sufficient cognizance of the platform economy sector and its factual specialties,ending in their ambiguous subject matter and the absence of analyzing special competitive concerns.Therefore,it is submitted that these guidelines be abolished,which lack meaningful guidance and are misleading for enterprises.In view of this,our country should reconsider the role and significance of the antitrust guidelines.

关 键 词：反垄断法 竞争政策 平台 双边市场 平台经济 反垄断指南 

分 类 号：D922.294[政治法律—经济法学]