粤北钨矿成矿特征及“一体多位”区域成矿模式  

Mineralization characteristics and"one-in-all"regional mineralization model of tungsten deposits in North Guangdong

作　　者：杨大欢 古志宏 YANG Dahuan;GU Zhihong(Guangdong Institute of Geological Survey,Guangzhou 510080,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省地质调查院,广东广州510080

出　　处：《矿产与地质》2023年第6期1180-1190,共11页Mineral Resources and Geology

基　　金：中国地质调查局“中国矿产地质与成矿规律综合集成和服务(矿产地质志)”项目(编号:DD20160346)资助。

摘　　要：粤北地区钨矿资源丰富,是我国有色金属工业的重要基地之一。针对不同地区钨矿床类型、规模存在差异,在对粤北地区代表性矿床成矿特征研究的基础上,通过对比不同矿区所处构造环境及容矿构造,认为这些钨矿,是在统一的岩浆作用过程中,不同的就位条件造成的。其中,以红岭钨矿为代表的蚀变花岗岩型钨矿形成于较为封闭的构造环境,矿体为自变质作用形成;以禾尚田钨矿为代表的大型石英脉型钨矿形成于大断裂的次级断裂带上,成矿构造环境较为开放;以梅子窝钨矿为代表的中小型石英脉型钨矿形成于围岩近接触带,控矿构造规模不大,如围岩有碳酸盐岩,还可能形成矽卡岩型钨矿;以沟子坑钨矿为代表的细脉浸染型钨矿可能产于近接触带石英脉型钨矿旁侧,受成矿岩体上方细微裂隙带控制。本文以这些认识为基础,建立粤北钨矿“一体多位”区域成矿模式。该模式反映不同类型(“五层楼式”、“五层楼+地下室”)、不同规模钨矿床(大型、中型、小型及矿点)成矿就位条件的差异;表明一个地区成矿条件的有利度,不能只考虑矿产地的多少,更应考虑成矿条件是否有利于成矿物质集中。Tungsten resources are richful in North Guangdong,where is one of the important bases of China's non-ferrous metal industry.Based on the study of the metallogenic characteristics of representative deposits in North Guangdong,it is believed that these tungsten deposits are caused by different positional conditions in the unified magmatic process by comparing the tectonic environment and ore-bearing structures of different mining areas.Among them,the altered granite type tungsten deposit,represented by Hongling tungsten deposit,is formed in a relatively closed tectonic environment,and the ore body is formed by autometamorphism.The large quartz vein type tungsten deposit,represented by Heshangtian tungsten deposit,is formed in the secondary fault zone of the major fault,and the metallogenic tectonic environment is relatively open.The small and medium-sized quartz vein type tungsten deposits,represented by Meiziwo tungsten deposit,are formed in the near contact zone of the surrounding rock,and the scale of the ore-controlling structure is not large.If the surrounding rock has carbonate rocks,it may also form skarn type tungsten deposit.The veinlet-disseminated tungsten deposit,represented by Gouzikeng tungsten deposit,may occur next to the quartz vein-type tungsten deposit in the near contact zone and is controlled by the small fracture zone above the ore-forming rock mass.Based on these understandings,this paper proposes"one-in-all"regional metallogenic model.The model reflects the metallogenic location of different types('five-storey','five-storey+basement')and different scales of tungsten deposits(large,medium,small and ore spots).It is also shown that the favorable condition for mineralization in a region should not only consider the number of mineral resources site,but also the ore-forming conditions of conductive to the concentrations of ore-forming materials.

关 键 词：钨矿 成矿特征 “一体多位”成矿模式 粤北 

分 类 号：P618.67[天文地球—矿床学]