汽车正面碰撞中后排不同坐姿乘员损伤生物力学分析  

Biomechanical analysis of occupant damage in different sitting positions in the rear seat in a frontal collision

作　　者：武和全[1] 周惠来 李羿辉 胡林[1] WU Hequan;ZHOU Huilai;LI Yihui;HU Lin(Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Safety Design and Reliability Technology for Engineering Vehicle,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha 410114,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学工程车辆安全性设计与可靠性技术湖南省重点实验室,长沙410114

出　　处：《汽车安全与节能学报》2023年第6期688-697,共10页Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52172399,52211530054);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2021JJ30723);长沙理工大学学位与研究生教育教学改革项目(2022-45)

摘　　要：为了研究后排乘员不同坐姿的正面碰撞损伤生物力学特征,采用有限元仿真分析的研究方法,对THUMS AM50乘员在50 km/h正面碰撞时标准坐姿、左倾15°以及右倾15°这3种坐姿下的损伤生物力学进行了分析。并针对左倾15°坐姿,使用3+2点式安全带以及后排正向安全气囊对乘员进行了碰撞保护策略研究。结果表明:乘员左倾15°坐姿损伤最为严重,为此使用3+2点式安全带能有效减轻乘员头部损伤;使用后排正向安全气囊很大程度上对乘员头部以及胸部起到保护作用,并且对左右倾斜坐姿的乘员也具有好的保护效果。未来需要加强对后排乘员的保护研究,以适应不同的碰撞工况以及复杂多变的乘员坐姿。In order to study the biomechanical characteristics of frontal collision injury of rear occupant in different sitting positions,the finite element simulation analysis method was used to analyze the biomechanics of THUMS AM50 occupant in the 50 km/h frontal collision under the normal sitting position,15°left leaning and 15°right leaning.Aiming at the 15°left leaning sitting position,the collision protection strategy was studied by using the 3+2 point seat belt and the rear forward airbag.The results show that the most serious injury is caused by sitting posture of 15°left tilt,so the use of the 3+2 point seat belt can effectively reduce the head injury of passengers,and the use of rear forward airbag can greatly protect the head and chest of passengers.The strategy of using rear forward airbag has a good protection effect on the passengers who are leaning to the left and right.In the future,it is necessary to strengthen the research on the protection of rear passenger,so as to adapt to different collision conditions and complex and changeable occupant sitting posture.

关 键 词：后排乘员 正面碰撞 乘员坐姿 损伤生物力学 

分 类 号：U467.14[机械工程—车辆工程]