不同摘袋时间对新郁葡萄果实品质的影响  

Effects of Different Debagging Periods on Berry Quality of Xinyu Grape

作　　者：户金鸽 白世践 HU Jin'ge;BAI Shijian(Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region of Grapes and Melons Research Institution,Shanshan 838200,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区葡萄瓜果研究所,新疆鄯善838200

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2024年第1期58-64,共7页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发任务专项(2022B02045-2);2023年科技特派员项目(2023KF165);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2021D01A147);新疆维吾尔自治区自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金子项目(KY2021062);湖南科技厅政策性项目——科技援疆、科技援藏(2023WK4008);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目。

摘　　要：为了提高新郁葡萄果实品质,实现优质高效栽培技术,2021年以鲜食葡萄新郁为试材,果穗套外黄内黑的复合果袋,设置不同摘袋时间(采前25,20,15,10和5 d, 8月10日采收),以不摘除果袋为对照,测定不同摘袋时间对果实外观和内在品质的影响。结果表明,摘袋越早,果粒质量偏小,提前25 d摘袋的果粒质量最小,为10.98 g,产量也较低,为1 464.67 kg·(667 m~2)^(-1),均显著低于对照。摘袋越早,新郁葡萄果面着色越一致,可溶性固形物、固酸比、CIRG和花色苷含量越高,可滴定酸含量越低,提前25 d摘袋的可溶性固形物是21.10°Brix、固酸比50.24、CIRG是6.15、花色苷含量107.03 mg·kg^(-1)、可滴定酸0.42%。虽然提前25 d摘袋以上指标较高,但果实品质的高低是各方面达到一定的平衡时,口感最佳。从果实外观着色来看,提前20 d摘袋的果面颜色为鲜红色,果实外观品质较好,从果实品质来看,提前20 d摘袋果实的可溶性固形物和固酸比也较高,分别为19.89°Brix和44.20,VC含量较高,为30.27 mg·(100 g)^(-1)。综合果实外观和口感及果实品质来看,在吐鲁番地区新郁葡萄套外黄内黑复合果袋时,提前20 d摘袋时间较好,过晚摘袋会导致果面颜色过深,过早摘袋果面颜色着色不一致。In order to improve the fruit quality of Xinyu grape and achieve high quality and efficient cultivation technology,table grape Xinyu was used as the test material outer yellow and inner black double-layer bag were selected to bag grape bunch,different debagging periods(25 days,20 days,15 days,10 days and 5 days in advance)were adopted for analyzing the effect on the external quality and internal quality of Xinyu grape,bagging were not removed used as the control,in 2021.The result showed that the earlier the debagging,the berry weight was small,the berry weight of debagging 25 days in advance was 10.98 g,the yield was 1464.67 kg·(667 m^(2))^(-1),the berry weight and yield were significantly lower than the control.The higher consistent the coloring,the soluble solids,the solidity-acid ratio,CIRG and the anthocyanin content,the lower the titratable acid content.The soluble solids was 21.10°Brix,solidity-acid ratio was 50.24,CIRG was 6.15,the anthocyanin content was 107.03 mg·kg^(-1),the titratable acid content was 0.42%for debagging 25 days in advance.Although the indexes above 25 days in advance were higher,the taste was best when the fruit quality reached a certain balance in all aspects.From the external quality,the fruit surface color of debagged 20 days in advance was bright red,and the fruit ex quality was better.From the internal quality,the soluble solid and solidity-acid ratio of the debagging 20 days in advance were also higher,which were 19.89°Brix and 44.20,respectively,and the VC content was 30.27 mg·(100 g)^(-1).According to the appearance,taste and berry quality of Xinyu grape in Turpan Area,when the fruit debagging with outer yellow and inner black double-layer bag,the debagging period(20 days)was better,and the coloring was too dark when debagging was too later and the coloring was inconsistent when debagging was too early.

关 键 词：新郁葡萄 摘袋时间 果实品质 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]