河口海岸数字孪生建设与挑战(特邀)  

Digital Twin of Estuarine and Coastal Systems:Development and Challenges

作　　者：彭忠 王长波[2] 刘利[3] 吕振华[4] 朱学明 何青[1] 李武 宋德海[7] 周烜 武文 柴扉 彭伟[11] 彭伟[12] WANG Zhengbing YE Qinghua PENG Zhong;WANG Changbo;LIU Li;LYU Zhenhua;ZHU Xueming;HE Qing;LI Wu;SONG Dehai;ZHOU Xuan;WU Wen;CHAI Fei;PENG Wei;PENG Wei;WANG Zhengbing;YE Qinghua(State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;School of Computer Science and Technology,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China;The Department of Earth System Sciences,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;School of Software Engineering,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai),Zhuhai 519085,China;CCCC Third Aviation Engineering Survey and Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200032,China;Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;School of Data Science and Engineering,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China;College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;The State Key Laboratory of Offshore Marine Environmental Science,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China;National Ocean Technology Center,Tianjin 300112,China;Information Management Office of East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China;Delft University of Technology,Delft 2628CJ,Netherlands;Deltares,Delft 2628CJ,Netherlands)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室,上海200241 [2]华东师范大学计算机科学与技术学院,上海200062 [3]清华大学地球系统科学系,北京100084 [4]华东师范大学软件工程学院,上海200062 [5]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海),广东珠海519085 [6]中交第三航务工程勘察设计院有限公司,上海200032 [7]中国海洋大学物理海洋教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [8]华东师范大学数据科学与工程学院,上海200062 [9]中国海洋大学海洋与大气学院,山东青岛266100 [10]厦门大学近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室,福建厦门361102 [11]国家海洋技术中心,天津300112 [12]华东师范大学信息化治理办公室,上海200062 [13]Delft University of Technology,Delft 2628CJ,Netherlands [14]Deltares,Delft 2628CJ,Netherlands

出　　处：《海洋技术学报》2023年第6期1-12,共12页Journal of Ocean Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项项目(2022YFE0136700);上海市2023年度“科技创新行动计划”长三角科技创新共同体领域项目(23002400400)。

摘　　要：河口海岸是人类生存的重要空间和经济发展的关键区域。然而,在气候变化和人类活动的双重压力下,河口海岸面临环境恶化、湿地生态受损和灾害风险增加等多重问题。为保障河口海岸可持续发展,本文以数字孪生概念为基础,结合河口海岸多圈层多界面的系统特征,提出了一个综合河口海岸立体监测和数据聚融、多过程耦合模型系统、数字孪生体和智能服务平台等关键要素的河口海岸数字孪生系统。此外,本文还详细介绍了构建河口海岸数字孪生系统所需的核心技术,涵盖监测物联网、模型耦合、大数据管理和智能分析,以及知识图谱等。尽管面临多学科全要素综合监测、人地海耦合模拟、跨领域跨行业协同、信息安全保障和服务标准制定等多重挑战,河口海岸数字孪生具有逼近真实、系统关联和提供智能服务等特点,能够提供监测、预报、预警、预演和预案等智能服务。这将有助于提高我们对河口海岸复杂系统演变、预测和应对的研究和应用能力,推动河口海岸学科群的发展,提升风险管理和综合治理水平,为河口海岸可持续发展提供强有力的支持。The estuarine and coastal areas are crucial regions for human habitation and economic development.However,under the pressures of climate change and human activities,risks such as environmental pollution,ecological degradation,and compound disasters in these areas are increasing.To support the sustainable development of coastal areas,this paper is based on the concept of digital twinning.It combines the systemic characteristics of multi-layers and multi-interfaces in coastal areas to propose a comprehensive coastal digital twin system with key elements including three-dimensional observation and data fusion,multi-process coupled modeling,digital twinning,and intelligent application services.Additionally,this paper elaborates on the core technologies required for building the coastal digital twin system,encompassing observation Internet of Things(IoT),coupled modeling,big data management,intelligent analysis,and knowledge graphs,among others.Despite facing multiple challenges such as multi-disciplinary comprehensive observations,coupled human-earth simulations,multi-disciplinary collaboration,information security assurance,and service standard formulation,coastal digital twinning exhibits features like approximating reality,establishing systemic connections,and providing intelligent services.It can offer services including monitoring,forecasting,early warning,scenario simulation,and emergency response.This will contribute to enhancing our research and application capabilities in understanding the complex evolution,prediction,and mitigation of coastal systems.It will also drive the progress of coastal science disciplines,improve coastal risk management and comprehensive governance,meet national needs related to disaster prevention,reduction,and ecological environmental protection,and provide robust support for the sustainable development of coastal areas.

关 键 词：河口海岸 数字孪生 人地海耦合 立体监测网 多过程耦合模型 知识图谱 可视化平台 

分 类 号：P738[天文地球—海洋地质]