不同展叶物候期胡杨离子分布、吸收和运输特征及其与土壤盐分关系  

Distribution,Uptake and Transport Characteristics of Populus euphratica Ions at Different Leaf Phenological Stages and Their Relationship with Soil Salinity

作　　者：姚诗雨 王杰[1] 黄文娟[1,2] 彭承志 宋双飞 YAO Shiyu;WANG Jie;HUANG Wenjuan;PENG Chengzhi;SONG Shuangfei(Tarim University College of Life Science and Technology,Alar,Xinjiang 843300,China;Xinjiang Produdion&Construction Corps Key Laboratoy of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin,Alar,Xinjiang 843300,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学生命科学与技术学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]塔里木盆地生物资源保护利用省部共建国家重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2023年第12期2118-2129,共12页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：“兵团英才”第二周期人才项目(BRFW2101);塔里木盆地生物资源保护利用重点实验室开放课题项目。

摘　　要：为明确胡杨的离子分布、吸收和运输规律,探讨胡杨适应盐渍环境的生理机制,以不同展叶物候期(萌芽期、展叶期、叶片快速发育期、叶片成熟期)的胡杨(Populus euphratica)为研究对象,测定各器官中的可溶性盐离子并分析离子吸收、运输和分配特征,结合林下土壤盐分,探讨胡杨离子分布与土壤盐分关系。结果表明,随着展叶物候的变化,胡杨通过对离子吸收、运输和分布规律的差异满足生长发育的需要及对环境的适应。(1)根系选择性吸收K^(+)、Ca^(2+)和Mg^(2+)的能力随展叶物候变化呈先升后降趋势,以叶片快速发育期为最高,与土壤中总盐及Na^(+)、Cl^(-)含量变化趋势相反;(2)离子从根系-主干及幼枝-叶片的运输能力随展叶物候的变化表现为先降后升的相反趋势,且以叶片快速发育期为最低;(3)各器官中Na^(+)和K^(+)含量在展叶过程中变化不大,在叶片成熟期有显著升高,且Na^(+)以根中含量最高,K^(+)以叶片中含量最高,叶片和根系中Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)含量随展叶物候变化整体呈升高趋势;(4)展叶物候期胡杨器官离子与土壤离子相关性表现为:萌芽期,各器官离子含量受土壤盐分影响较小,指标间相关性多不显著;展叶期,根中Na^(+)与土壤离子呈正相关,幼枝和主干K^(+)与土壤多呈负相关;叶片快速发育期,幼枝Mg^(2+)、根中Na^(+)均与土壤离子呈正相关;叶片成熟期,各器官离子含量受土壤离子影响较小。In order to clarify the ion distribution,absorption and transport law of Populus euphratica,To explore the physiological mechanism of P.euphratica adapting to saline environment,P.euphratica in different leaf(leaf phenological stages,leaf laying period,leaf maturation stage)was taken as the research object,the soluble salt ions in various organs were determined and the characteristics of ion absorption,transport and distribution were analyzed.Combined with the soil salt under the forest,the relationship between the ion distribution of P.euphratica and soil salt was discussed.The results showed that:With the changes of leaf phenological stages,P.euphratica meets the needs of growth and development as well as the adaptation to the environment through the difference of ion absorption,transportation and distribution rules.(1)The ability of selective absorption of K^(+),Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+)by roots increased firstly and then de-creased with the changes of leaf phenological stages,and most of them were in the rapid leaf development stage as the highest,which was just the opposite to the change trends of total salt and Na^(+)and Cl^(-)con-tents in soil.(2)With the changes of leaf phenological stages,the transportation capacity of ions from root to trunk and juvenile branch to leaf presented the opposite trend of first decline and then rise,and most of them were in the rapid development period of leaf as the lowest.(3)Na^(+)and K^(+)contents in different organs changed little during the leaf developing process but increased significantly during the leaf maturation period,in which the content of Na^(+)in root was the highest and that of K^(+)in leaf was the high-est.The contents of Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+)in leaves and roots generally increased with the changes of leaf pheno-logical stages.(4)The correlation between organ ions and soil ions of P.euphratica in the leaf phenological stages is as follows:In the embrtonic stage,the ion content of each organ is less affected by soil salt,and the correlation between indicators is mostl

关 键 词：胡杨 离子吸收 离子运输 展叶物候期 土壤 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学]