微生物菌剂与大蒜油配施对银叶病苹果叶片生理特性及果实品质的影响  

Effects of Microbial Agents Combined with Garlic Oil on the Physiological Characteristics and Fruit Quality of Apple Leaves with Silver Leaf Disease

作　　者：陈悦 张秀英 张丹 邓代清 李玉涵 程安富 黄先敏[1] 马仲炼[1] 杨德粉 全勇 CHEN Yue;ZHANG Xiuying;ZHANG Dan;DENG Daiqing;LI Yuhan;CHENG Anfu;HUANG Xianmin;MA Zhonglian;YANG Defen;QUAN Yong(Zhaotong College,Zhaotong Yunnan 657000,China;Zhaotong Apple Industry Development Center,Zhaotong Yunnan 657000,China)

机构地区：[1]昭通学院,云南昭通657000 [2]昭通市苹果产业发展中心,云南昭通657000

出　　处：《果树资源学报》2024年第1期1-7,共7页Journal of Fruit Resources

摘　　要：【目的】银叶病严重威胁苹果产量和品质,探究微生物菌剂与大蒜油配施对苹果银叶病叶片生理特性及果实品质的影响。【方法】试验以患银叶病苹果树为材料,将微生物菌剂与不同浓度大蒜油配施,连续2年采用穴灌根的方法对患病植株进行田间试验,对比不同处理对患病苹果树叶片生理特性及果实品质的影响。【结果】1)处理L5(2.5 kg微生物菌剂/株+250 mL大蒜油/株)和L6(2.5 kg微生物菌剂/株+350 mL大蒜油/株)使1年生患病枝条叶片恢复效果较好,叶片翠绿色富有光泽,叶面积、叶周长、大叶宽、大叶长、叶片叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白质和可溶性糖质量分数均显著增加,丙二醛含量显著降低,且L5效果最好;2)微生物菌剂与大蒜油配施显著提高了苹果果实硬度、可溶性固形物质量分数、抗坏血酸含量、固酸比、糖酸比,降低了可滴定酸质量分数,以L5处理效果最好。【结论】微生物菌剂与大蒜油配施可以缓解苹果银叶病病叶生理状态,提高果实品质,配施2.5 kg微生物菌剂/株+250 mL大蒜油/株效果最好。【Objective】Silver leaf disease seriously threatens apple yield and quality.To investigate the effects of microbial agents combined with garlic oil on the physiological characteristics of apple silver leaf disease leaves and fruit quality.【Methods】The experiment used apple trees suffering from silver leaf disease as the material,mixed microbial agents with different concentrations of garlic oil and conducted field experiments on the diseased plants through hole irrigation for 2 consecutive years.The effects of different treatments on the physiological characteristics of diseased apple leaves and fruit quality were compared.【Results】1)Treatment with L5(2.5kg microbial inoculum/plant+250mL garlic oil/plant)and L6(2.5kg microbial inoculum/plant+350 mL garlic oil/plant)resulted in better recovery of 1-year-old diseased branches and leaves.The leaves were emerald green and glossy,with significant increases in leaf area,leaf circumference,large leaf width,large leaf length,chlorophyll content,soluble protein and soluble sugar content,and a significant decrease in malondialdehyde content,with L5 having the best effect.2)The combination of microbial agents and garlic oil significantly increased apple fruit hardness,soluble solids,ascorbic acid,solid acid ratio,and sugar acid ratio,while reducing titratable acid content.L5 treatment had the best effect.【Conclusion】The combination of microbial inoculants and garlic oil can alleviate the physiological state of apple silver leaf disease and improve fruit quality.The best effect is to apply 2.5kg microbial inoculants/plant+250 mL garlic oil/plant.

关 键 词：苹果银叶病 微生物菌剂 大蒜油 叶片生理特性 果实品质 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]