宁陵县酥梨节肢动物多样性及主要害虫发生规律研究  

Study on Arthropod Biodiversity and Occurrence of Main Pests of Pear in Ningling County

作　　者：胡尊瑞[1] 郭超峰 吕波 吴晓云[1] 姜嫄[1] 吕巧枝[1] HU Zunrui;GUO Chaofeng;LV Bo;WU Xiaoyun;JIANG Yuan;LV Qiaozhi(Beijing Vocation College of Agriculture,Beijing 102442,China;Agricultural Bureau of Ningling County,Ningling Henan 476700,China)

机构地区：[1]北京农业职业学院,北京102442 [2]河南省宁陵县农业局,河南宁陵476700

出　　处：《果树资源学报》2024年第1期26-30,共5页Journal of Fruit Resources

基　　金：国家梨产业体系项目(CARS-28-17);北京农业职业学院科研项目(XY-YF-18-10)。

摘　　要：【目的】为酥梨害虫的科学防治提供依据。【方法】选取盛果期代表性梨园,分别对梨园内的害虫及其天敌种群、数量进行调查,对主要害虫及天敌在酥梨不同生长季节的发生动态进行分析。【结果】通过网捕、灯诱、性诱、黄板引诱等方法调查宁陵县酥梨梨园内生物种群多样性,结果表明害虫种群共分为8目31种,天敌有8目27种,梨园内生物多样性丰富;应用相对丰富度、优势集中指数、多样性指数、均匀度指数、丰富度指数分析生物多样性状况,结果表明害虫优势种群为梨二叉蚜、梨小食心虫和梨木虱;分析了梨小食心虫和梨木虱的种群发生动态。【结论】实践中应在传统病虫害防治的基础上,充分挖掘天敌对害虫的控制潜能,合理地保护和利用自然天敌。【Objective】The research aimed to provide basis for scientific control of pear pests.【Methods】The representative pear orchards in full fruit period were selected to investigate the population and quantity of pests and their natural enemies in pear orchards,and the occurrence dynamics of main pests and natural enemies in different growing seasons of pear were analyzed.【Results】The diversity of biological populations in pear orchards in Ningling County was investigated by net trapping,light trapping,sex trapping and yellow board trapping.The results showed that the pest population was divided into 8 orders and 31 species,and there were 8 orders and 27 species of natural enemies.The relative richness,dominant concentration index,diversity index,evenness index and richness index were used to analyze the biodiversity.The results showed that the dominant populations of pests were pear aphid,pear fruit moth moth and cacopsylla chinensis.The population dynamics of oriental fruit moth and pear psyllid were analyzed.【Conclusion】In practice,the control potential of natural enemies against pests should be fully explored on the basis of traditional pest control,and natural enemies should be reasonably protected and utilized.

关 键 词：酥梨 害虫 天敌 生物多样性 发生规律 

分 类 号：S436.612.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]