安徽省城乡社区居民流感疫苗接种率及影响因素分析  

Influenza vaccination and related factors among urban and rural adult community residents-a cross-sectional survey in Anhui province

作　　者：王丽 郭梦杰[1] 汪燕 李建安 陈贵梅 陈任 WANG Li;GUO Mengjie;WANG Yan;LI Jian'an;CHEN Guimei;CHEN Ren(Department of Health Management,School of Health Management,Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230032,China;National Heath Commission Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research(Shandong University),Ji'nan 250012,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学卫生管理学院卫生管理系,合肥230032 [2]国家卫生健康委员会卫生经济与政策研究重点实验室(山东大学),济南250012

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2023年第10期1294-1299,共6页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：安徽省高校自然科学研究重点项目(KJ2021A0260);国家卫生健康委员会卫生经济与政策研究重点实验室开放课题(NHC–HEPR2019009);国家自然科学基金(72111530207);高校优秀拔尖人才培育资助项目(gxyq2020153)。

摘　　要：目的了解安徽省城乡社区居民流感疫苗接种情况及其影响因素。方法采用多阶段分层抽样方法,于2021年7-12月对安徽省8个城乡社区833名≥16岁社区居民进行问卷调查,收集其社会人口学信息、过去1年是否接种流感疫苗、新冠病毒感染疫情相关认知以及是否接种新冠疫苗等资料,采用χ^(2)检验进行单因素分析,多因素logistic回归分析居民流感疫苗接种的影响因素。结果232名调查对象过去1年接种过流感疫苗,流感疫苗接种率为27.85%(95%CI=24.73~31.14%)。57.57%因“没听过接种流感疫苗这回事”而未接种流感疫苗。多因素logistic回归显示,男性(OR=1.43,95%CI=1.01~2.04)、初中以上教育水平(OR=1.81,95%CI=1.03~3.17)、自认可能感染新冠病毒(OR=1.50,95%CI=1.02~2.20)、接种了新冠疫苗(OR=9.20,95%CI=3.28~25.80)以及对社区新冠疫情防控满意(OR=1.61,95%CI=1.06~2.47)的社区居民流感疫苗接种率较高。结论安徽省城乡社区居民流感疫苗接种率影响因素包括性别、教育水平、新冠疫情相关认知以及是否接种新冠疫苗等。Objective To examine the prevalence and associates of influenza vaccination among adult community residents in urban and rural Anhui province.Methods With stratified multistage sampling and a self-designed questionnaire,we conducted an on-site self-administered survey with interviewer assistance among 978 residents aged 16 years and older in 8 urban and rural communities of Anhui province during July-December 2021.The participants′information on demographics,influenza vaccination in past one year,cognition about coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)epidemic,and history of COVID-19 vaccination were collected and analyzed usingχ^(2) test;multivariate analysis was adopted to explore influencing factors of influenza vaccination.Results Among the 833 participants with valid responses,232(27.85%,95%confidence interval[95%CI]:24.73-31.14%)reported receiving influenza vaccination in past one year.Of the participants not receiving influenza vaccination,57.57%reported being unaware of influenza vaccination.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the participants with following characteristics were more likely to receive influenza vaccination:male gender(odds ratio[OR]=1.43,95%CI:1.01-2.04),with the education of junior high school and above(OR=1.81,95%CI:1.03-3.17),with a higher self-rated risk of COVID-19 infection(OR=1.50,95%CI:1.02-2.20),ever receiving COVID-19 vaccination(OR=9.20,95%CI:3.28-25.80),and being satisfied with community-based measures for prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic(OR=1.61,95%CI:1.06-2.47).Conclusion The acceptance of influenza vaccination is mainly influenced by gender,education,knowledge about COVID-19 epidemic,and history of COVID-19 vaccination among urban and rural adult community residents in Anhui province.

关 键 词：流感疫苗 社区居民 接种率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]