气吸倾斜圆盘式蚕豆精密排种器设计与试验  

Design and experiment of air-suction inclined disc precise seed separator for Vicia faba L.

作　　者：冯锐[1,2] 王子腾 刘伟渭 Feng Rui;Wang Ziteng;Liu Weiwei(Sichuan Vocational College of Chemical Industry,Luzhou,646099,China;College of Mechanical Engineering,Xihua University,Chengdu,610039,China;Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming,650500,China;College of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu,610031,China)

机构地区：[1]四川化工职业技术学院,四川泸州646099 [2]西华大学机械工程学院,成都市610039 [3]昆明理工大学机电工程学院,昆明市650500 [4]西南交通大学机械工程学院,成都市610031

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2023年第12期25-32,共8页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目(19YYJC0513);成都市科技计划项目(2019-YF05-00716-SN);国家自然科学青年基金(51705432)。

摘　　要：针对蚕豆播种机械化程度低、精密播种效果差的问题,结合倾斜圆盘式排种器与气吸式排种器的优点,设计一种气吸倾斜圆盘式蚕豆精密排种器。首先,阐述排种器结构及原理,根据蚕豆的种植农艺要求及种子物理特性,对排种圆盘直径、型孔数量及形状等关键部件进行设计;然后,利用Fluent软件对不同形状气孔对气室流速及压力影响进行仿真分析,确定最佳的气孔形状;最后,以转速、型孔直径和气孔负压为试验因素,合格率、漏播率和重播率为试验指标,在JPS-12型视觉排种器性能试验台上进行正交试验。试验结果表明:当转速为78 r/min、气孔负压为2 kPa、型孔直径为23 mm时,排种试验合格率为93.67%,重播率为4.33%,漏播率为2%。Aiming at the problems of low degree of mechanization and poor precision sowing effect of Vicia faba L.,combined with the advantages of mechanical sowing and air suction sowing,an air-suction inclined disc precise seed separator for Vicia faba L.was designed.Firstly,the structure and principle of seed metering device were expounded.According to the agronomic requirements and seed physical characteristics of Vicia faba L.,the diameter of seed metering disc,the number and shape of hole and other key components were designed.Then,the Fluent software was used to simulate and analyze the influence of different shapes of pores on the flow velocity and pressure of the chamber,and the best shape of pores was determined.Finally,taking rotational speed,hole diameter and stomatal negative pressure as experimental factors,the qualified rate,missed sowing rate and replay rate as experimental indexes,the orthogonal test was carried out on the performance test bench of JPS-12 visual seed metering device.The test results showed that when the rotation speed was 78 r/min,the negative stomatal pressure was 2 kPa and the diameter of the mold hole was 23 mm,the qualified rate of the seeding test was 93.67%,the replay rate was 4.33% and the leakage rate was 2%.

关 键 词：蚕豆 气吸倾斜圆盘式 精密排种器 FLUENT 

分 类 号：S223.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]