丘陵山区小型收割机防撞装置设计与试验  

Design and test of anti-collision device for small harvesters in hilly and mountainous areas

作　　者：吴瑜 邵伟兴 张磊 刘汶树 庞有伦[1] 宋树民[1] Wu Yu;Shao Weixing;Zhang Lei;Liu Wenshu;Pang Youlun;Song Shumin(Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chongqing,401329,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市农业科学院,重庆市401329

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2023年第12期92-98,共7页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项重点项目(cstc2021jscx-gksbX0013、cstc2021jscx-gksbX0017);工业和信息化部重点专项(TC210H02V)。

摘　　要：针对丘陵山区地块小,零星分散,道路条件差,收割机频繁调头、转场,割台前端零部件易发生碰撞损坏,严重影响整机可靠性的问题,基于小型水稻收割机集成设计碰撞检测装置、行走机构动力切换装置、防撞控制箱。碰撞检测装置运用激光传感器检测反射板中心孔位置变化,达到检测碰撞目的,通过行走机构动力切换装置和防撞控制箱实现对行走动力切断与恢复的自动控制。最后对收割机防撞装置进行验证试验,结果表明:收割机Ⅰ档、Ⅱ档的防撞成功率分别为98.00%和98.67%,响应时间分别为0.020 s和0.015 s。验证理论分析及结构设计的合理性,可实现收割机碰撞保护。In view of the problems of small plots,scattered plots,poor road conditions,frequent turns and transitions of the harvester,and collision damage to the front-end parts of the header that seriously affected the reliability of the whole machine,based on the integrated design of small rice harvester,collision detection device,walking mechanism power switching device,anti-collision control box,collision detection device cleverly used laser sensor to detect the position change of the center hole of the reflector to achieve the purpose of detecting collision.Through the walking mechanism power switching device and anti-collision control box,the automatic control of the cutting off and recovery of walking power was realized.The verification test of the anti-collision device of the harvester showed that the success rate of the harvester Ⅰ gear and Ⅱ gear was 98.00% and 98.67%,and the response time was 0.020 s and 0.015 s,respectively.The rationality of theoretical analysis and structural design was verified,and the collision protection of harvester could be realized.

关 键 词：碰撞检测装置 激光传感器 柔性连接 电磁铁 防撞控制 

分 类 号：S233.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]