连铸技术的研究进展  

Research progress of continuous casting technology

作　　者：刘亚龙 郝伟[1] 任磊 LIU Yalong;HAO Wei;REN Lei(School of Materials and Metallurgy,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014010,Inner Mogolia,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学材料与冶金学院,内蒙古包头014010

出　　处：《江西冶金》2023年第6期484-493,共10页Jiangxi Metallurgy

基　　金：内蒙古科技大学基本科研业务资助项目(0406082229);内蒙古自治区青年科技英才计划资助项目(NJYT23117)。

摘　　要：连铸技术经过几十年的发展已逐渐趋于成熟。近年来,研究者一方面通过数值模拟、物理模型和工业试验等手段对连铸工艺进行优化;另一方面通过连铸设备的不断优化升级以提高生产率和改善铸坯质量。连铸技术的进步主要体现在等离子体中间包加热、结晶器非正弦振动、电磁制动、脉冲磁振荡细化凝固组织、带钢送入结晶器技术、二冷区精确控制、凝固末端压下等方面的优化及创新。如利用等离子体加热的方法补偿中间包开浇期间出现的温度下降和促进微小夹杂物的上浮;利用电磁技术控制凝固过程;利用脉冲磁振荡技术细化等轴晶粒的组织结构;采用带钢送入结晶器技术;二冷区对喷雾局部位置、喷嘴类型、距离、水气流量等参数的精准控制技术;利用凝固末端压下技术改善铸坯中心偏析,补偿或抵消连铸坯的凝固收缩量以降低板坯中的气孔率等。Continuous casting technology has gradually matured after decades of development.In recent years,continuous casting workers have improved and optimized the continuous casting process using numerical simulation,physical models and industrial tests.On the other hand,continuous optimization and upgrading of continuous casting equipment can improve productivity and slab quality.The progress of continuous casting technology is mainly reflected in the optimization and innovation of plasma tundish heating,non-sinusoidal oscillation of crystallizer,electromagnetic braking,pulse magnetic oscillation refining solidification structure,strip feeding into crystallizer technology,precise control of secondary cooling zone and solidification end reduction.For example,the plasma heating method is employed to compensate the temperature drop during the tundish opening and promote the floating of small inclusions.Electromagnetic technology is used to control the solidification process.Pulsed magnetic oscillation technology is adopted to refine the microstructure of equiaxed grain.Solidification end reduction technology is used to improve the center segregation of the slab,and to compensate or offset the solidification shrinkage of the continuous casting slab,thereby reducing the porosity in the slab.Moreover,the progress of continuous casting technology also includes strip steel into the mold technology,accurate control technology of spray local position,nozzle type,distance,water and gas flow rate,and other parameters in the secondary cooling zone.

关 键 词：连铸技术 中间包 结晶器 二冷区 凝固末端 

分 类 号：TF777[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]