中国城市型政区调整与城市化的适应性分析  

Adjustment of city-type administrative region and its adaptability to urbanization in China

作　　者：张可云[1] 戴美卉 王洋志 ZHANG Keyun;DAI Meihui;WANG Yangzhi(School of Applied Economics,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学应用经济学院,北京100872

出　　处：《地理学报》2023年第12期3129-3143,共15页Acta Geographica Sinica

摘　　要：盲目推进撤县设区(市)或撤乡(镇)设街道不利于优化城市空间结构、提升城市治理效能。合理的调整要以行政区划设置与城市化进程的适应性为基础。本文在运用国家统计局公布的中国各省份行政区划设置数据总结城市型政区调整的阶段性变化的基础上,利用城市化管理率和城市化管理指数测度了1984—2020年中国城市型政区设置与城市化的适应性。研究发现,中国的城市型政区设置具有明显的阶段性特征;县级城市型政区与城市化的适应性明显高于乡级城市型政区与城市化的适应性,但县乡两级城市化管理指数的差距在不断缩小;各地区城市型政区设置与城市化的适应性具有较大差异。基于上述发现,依据各省份的城市化管理率和城市化管理指数与全国平均水平的偏离程度以及省份内部县乡两级城市化管理水平的差异,本文确定了未来城市型政区调整的优先顺序、县乡两级同步调整的重点以及需要重点关注的9个省份。为提升城市型政区设置与调整的科学性、规范性、有效性,应加强顶层规划、充分考虑地区差异和完善设置城市型政区的规章制度。Blindly promoting county-district(city)conversion or township(town)-subdistrict office conversion is not conducive to optimizing the urban spatial structure and improving the efficiency of urban governance.Reasonable adjustment should be based on the matching of administrative divisions and urbanization process.On the basis of summarizing the phased changes of the adjustment of city-type administrative regions by using the administrative division setting data of provincial-level region in China published by the National Bureau of Statistics,this paper uses the urbanization management rate and urbanization management index to measure the adaptability between the establishment of city-type administrative regions and urbanization in China from 1984 to 2020.It is found that the matching degree between city-type administrative regions and urbanization at county level is significantly higher than that at township level,but the gap between county level and township level is narrowing continuously.There are significant differences in the adaptability between the establishment of city-type administrative regions and urbanization in different regions.Based on the above findings,according to the degree of deviation of the urbanization management rate and urbanization management index of each province from the national average level,as well as the difference of urbanization management level at county and township levels within the province,this paper proposes the priority of the future adjustment of city-type administrative regions,the focus of synchronous adjustment at county and township levels,and nine provincial-level administrative regions that need to be paid attention to.In order to improve the scientificalness,standardization and effectiveness of the establishment and adjustment of city-type administrative regions,it is necessary to strengthen top-level planning,fully consider regional differences and improve the rules and regulations for setting up city-type administrative regions.

关 键 词：城市型政区 行政区划调整 城市化 城市化管理 适应性 

分 类 号：F299.2[经济管理—国民经济] D630[政治法律—政治学]