骨修复中可吸收材料降解行为的研究进展  

Research Progress of Degradable Behavior of Absorbable Biomaterials in Bone Repair

作　　者：马静 苏秀云 唐斌 王林 裴国献 Ma Jing;Su Xiuyun;Tang Bin;Wang Lin;Pei Guoxian(Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital,Shenzhen 518055,Guangdong,China;Department of Biomedical Engineering,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen 518055,Guangdong,China;School of Medicine,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen 518055,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]南方科技大学医院,广东深圳518055 [2]南方科技大学工学院生物医学工程系,广东深圳518055 [3]南方科技大学医学院,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《中国生物医学工程学报》2023年第5期626-635,共10页Chinese Journal of Biomedical Engineering

基　　金：南方科技大学医院院长基金(2021-A1);南方科技大学科研启动学校配套经费(Y01416214);深圳市南山区教育(卫生)科技项目(2020011)。

摘　　要：可降解骨植入物因可避免骨修复后植入物取出的二次手术,或减少永久性植入物存在的炎症等问题,备受临床医生和研究者们的关注。然而,用于构建植入物的生物材料因其固有属性而存在降解太快或太慢、机械性能或成骨能力不足等问题,从而限制了其临床转化应用。为了解决现有可降解植入物在临床应用中的瓶颈,学者们通过表面功能涂层修饰、晶体结构或多孔结构优化、功能元素/小分子掺杂等方式,以调控生物材料的降解行为和成骨能力。综述可降解植入材料(包括金属、生物陶瓷、天然聚合物和合成聚合物)的降解机制、降解行为的调控方法及其对力学性能和骨再生的影响,以期为开发降解行为依附于新生骨形成的新型可降解骨植入材料提供参考。Degradable orthopedic implants have attracted intensive attention of clinicians and researchers because the application of these implants can avoid the secondary surgery for implant removal after bone repair and the problem of inflammation of permanent implants.However,the inherent properties of biomaterials of the implants,such as degradation rate,mechanical strength,and osteogenic ability,may hinder their clinical translational applications.To solve the bottleneck,many efforts have been made to the regulation of the degradation behavior and osteogenic capacity of biomaterials via coating bioactive materials,optimizing crystal structure or porous structure and doping functional small molecules.Based on the latest research literatures,this review focused on the degradation mechanism of the degradable biomaterials(including metals,ceramics,natural polymers,and synthetic polymers),the regulation methods of their degradation behavior as well as the effects on their mechanical properties and ability of bone regeneration,aiming to provide a comprehensive reference for developing novel biodegradable orthopedic implants whose degradation behavior depend on the formation of new bone.

关 键 词：可降解生物材料 可降解金属材料 生物陶瓷 天然聚合物 合成聚合物 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]