不同野生油菜农艺性状及其种子脂肪酸组成分析  

Analysis of Agronomic Characters and Seed Fatty Acid Compositions of Wild Rapeseed from Different Sources

作　　者：王莉[1] 崔宏亮 肖菁[1] 宋晓晓 徐麟[1] Wang Li;Cui Hongliang;Xiao Jing;Song Xiaoxiao;Xu Lin(Institute of Crop Germplasm Resource,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi,830091;Institute of Agricultural Science of Ili Prefecture,Yining,835000;Garden Management Center of Yining,Yining,835000)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆伊犁州农业科学研究所,伊宁835000 [3]新疆伊宁市园林管理中心,伊宁835000

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2024年第1期188-198,共11页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(KY2017054);察布查尔锡伯自治县、和布克赛尔蒙古自治县、新源县、阿克陶县、阿勒泰市农作物种质资源系统调查与抢救性收集项目(19191234)共同资助。

摘　　要：本研究通过鉴定来源不同的20份野生油菜资源的田间表现性状,利用GC-MS(气相色谱法-质谱法联用)技术检测野生油菜种子的脂肪酸组成与积累模式,阐明脂肪酸与种子、植株表观性状的相关性,为深入研究野生油菜资源表型与品质的关联性提供科学的理论基础。结果表明:20种野生油菜种子及植株性状共检测到48种变异类型,除8个基本植株性状表型一致外,其余性状均有明显差异;共检测出17种脂肪酸,其中8种饱和脂肪酸,9种不饱和脂肪酸,不同野生油菜资源中各种脂肪酸的积累情况有显著差异;脂肪酸含量与多个种子或植株性状存在一定的相关性,种子形状与多种脂肪酸有显著相关性,γ-亚麻酸与多个性状显著相关。根据脂肪酸积累模式可将这20个野生油菜资源分为3个种源聚类。其中野生油菜V205种子中7种脂肪酸相对含量显著高于其他品种。以上结论可为培育具有合理脂肪酸结构的油菜新品种提供科学依据。This study identified the field performance characters of 20 wild rape resources from different sources,detected the fatty acid composition and accumulation mode of wild rape seeds by GC-MS(gas chromatograohymass spectrometry),and clarified the correlation between fatty acids and seed and plant apparent characters,so as to provide a scientific theoretical basis for further studying the correlation between phenotype and quality of wild rape resources.The results showed that 48 variation types were detected in 20 wild rape seed and plant characters.Except that the phenotypes of 8 basic plant characters were consistent,the other characters were significantly different.A total of 17 kinds of fatty acids were detected,including 8 kinds of saturated fatty acids and 9 kinds of unsaturated fatty acids.There were significant differences in the accumulation of various fatty acids in different wild rape resources.There is a certain correlation between fatty acid content and multiple seed or plant characters,and there is a significant correlation between seed shape and multiple fatty acids,γ-Linolenic acid was significantly correlated with many characters.According to the fatty acid accumulation model,the 20 wild rape resources can be divided into three provenance clusters.The relative contents of 7 fatty acids in wild rape V205 seeds were significantly higher than those of other varieties.The above conclusions can provide a scientific basis for cultivating new rape varieties with reasonable fatty acid structure.

关 键 词：野生油菜 种质资源 农艺性状 脂肪酸 相关性 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]