“公司+农户”模式下农产品精准施肥策略与合作机制  

A Precision Fertilization Strategy and Cooperation Mechanism of Agricultural Products under the Mode of"Company+Farmer"

作　　者：丁雪峰[1] 吴宇 DING Xuefeng;WU Yu(School of Economics and Management,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学经济与管理学院,湖北宜昌443002

出　　处：《工业工程》2023年第6期66-74,共9页Industrial Engineering Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71771139)。

摘　　要：为了探讨“公司+农户”农产品供应链中的施肥策略选择与生产成本优化问题,分别构建基于精准施肥技术实施的公司和农户供应链决策模型,比较了两类分散决策和集中决策下的供应链绩效,并通过仿真分析参数灵敏度影响以及契约可行性。研究表明,精准施肥能够降低生产成本,合理的施肥策略可提高双方经济效益;在分散式决策情形下,公司承担精准施肥成本模式(R)的经济效益低于农户承担模式(F),后者更能发挥精准施肥的“降本增效”作用;通过采用“利润共享-成本分担”(TR)和“二部制”(TF)契约,分别实现了公司模式和农户模式供应链的协调。在协调后,农户的生产成本降低,供应链各主体的利润得以改善。To explore the optimization of fertilization strategy selection and production cost in a"company+farmer"agricultural supply chain,decision models for companies and farmers based on the implementation of precision fertilization technology are established.The performance of supply chains under two types of decentralized and centralized decision-making is compared,while the impact of parameter sensitivity and the feasibility of contracts are analyzed through simulation.Results show that precision fertilization can reduce production cost,and rational fertilization strategies can improve the economic benefits for both parties.With decentralized decision-making,the economic benefits of the company-borne precision fertilization cost model(R)are lower than the farmer-borne model(F),for the latter can better produce the cost-saving and efficiency-enhancing effects of precision fertilization.By adopting"profit-sharing-cost-sharing"(TR)and"two-part tariff"(TF)contracts,the coordination of the company model and farmer model supply chains is achieved,respectively.After coordination,the production cost of farmers decreases,and the profits of the supply chain stakeholders are improved.

关 键 词：契约农业 精准施肥策略 合作机制 供应链协调 

分 类 号：F224.32[经济管理—国民经济]