角色理论与当代国际关系研究议程  

Role Theory and the Agenda of Contemporary IR Studies

作　　者：魏玲 李桐 WEI Ling;LI Tong

机构地区：[1]对外经济贸易大学国际关系学院,北京100029 [2]外交学院国际关系研究所,北京100037

出　　处：《外交评论（外交学院学报）》2023年第6期83-110,I0003,I0004,共30页Foreign Affairs Review

摘　　要：近十余年来,角色理论出现系统性发展,成为国际关系中层理论的重要增长点。角色概念起源于舞台剧,后进入社会学和社会心理学,20世纪70年代被引入外交政策分析。冷战后,角色理论经历了从结构功能主义到符号互动主义的转向,逐步形成以角色为内核,以角色观念、角色预期、角色扮演为主要概念,以角色变化与社会化、角色冲突与战略决策、角色调整与体系演变等为主要议程,跨越安全研究、政治经济学、国际组织、国际秩序等多个研究领域的复合理论体系。角色理论的大发展得益于它将行为体—结构的有效关联与互动置于外交政策分析和国际体系研究的核心。借助戏剧化隐喻,角色理论探究国际国内情境是如何塑造国家角色观念、进而影响外交政策的,以及国家角色观念、国际行为体和国际体系是如何在互动实践中相互塑造和演变的。角色理论兼容物质与观念因素,聚焦特定情境和社会过程中的互动,进行跨层次和跨维度分析,为理解不确定世界中复杂多元的国际进程提供了有力工具。在百年未有之大变局下,国际关系角色理论的中国视角和中国叙事有望成为未来该理论的重要增长高地。Since the early 2010s,role theory has witnessed systemic development,making itself one of the fastest growing middle-range theories in international relations.Originating from drama and later entering into sociology and psychology,the concept of role was introduced into foreign policy analysis in the 1970s.After the end of the Cold War,making a turn from structural functionalism to symbolic interactionism,role theory has gradually established itself as a theory complex with the concept of role at the core,applied in multiple research areas such as security studies, political economy, international organization,international order,etc.Using key terms like role conceptions,role expectations and role performance,role theory has developed major research agenda centering around role change and socialization,role conflict and strategic decision-making,role adjustment and systemic evolution,etc.The growth of role theory is largely due to its placement of the agent-structure interaction at the center of foreign policy analysis and the study of international system.Using dramatic metaphors,role theory explores how domestic and international settings shape national role conceptions that significantly influence foreign policy making,and how national role conceptions,international agents and international system construct each other in interaction and evolution.Integrating material and ideational factors,focusing on specific setting and interaction in social process,spanning over multiple levels and dimensions in its analysis,role theory provides powerful tools for the interpretation of the complex,plural and pluralistic international processes in the world of uncertainty.Amidst profound changes unseen in a century,the Chinese perspectives and narratives are expected to become an important growth area for role theory in international relations.

关 键 词：角色理论 国家角色 外交政策 国际体系 国际关系研究 中国 

分 类 号：D81[政治法律—国际关系]