重思蒋廷黻的帝国主义观  

Rethinking Jiang Tingfu's View of Imperialism

作　　者：王锐 Wang Rui

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学历史学系,上海200241

出　　处：《史学月刊》2023年第12期100-111,共12页Journal of Historical Science

基　　金：国家社会科学青年项目“‘文明等级论’在近代中国的传播、影响与批判研究”(20CZS046)。

摘　　要：帝国主义是蒋廷黻非常关注的一个话题。基于对近代民族主义与民族国家形式的认同,他认为中国需要采取一定的措施抵御帝国主义,保证国家主权的完整。但是,蒋廷黻相信一战后成立的国际联盟能够让中国从中获益,近代资本主义体系更是人类历史发展的趋势。因此,他认为帝国主义并非资本主义的最高阶段,而是古今任何时候都存在的现象,并且无涉善恶。基于对帝国主义的认识,蒋廷黻认为中国要想在这样的国际秩序里自存,需要厉行中央集权,进行自上而下的国家建设。总之,蒋廷黻的帝国主义论,既表明他对近代以来的世界大势颇有了解,又凸显出他对该如何突破旧的世界体系、构建更为平等且公平的国际新秩序的问题缺乏深入思考。Imperialism was a topic of great concern to Jiang Tingfu.Based on his identification with modern nationalism and the form of nation-state,he believed that China needed to take certain measures to defend itself against imperialism and to ensure the integrity of its national sovereignty.However,Jiang Tingfu believed that the League of Nations established after World War I could benefit China,and that modern capitalist system was more of a trend in the development of human history.Therefore,he believed that imperialism was not the highest stage of capitalism,but a phenomenon that existed at all times,and that it did not involve good or evil.Based on his understanding of imperialism,Jiang Tingfu believed that if China wanted to survive in such an international order,it needed to centralize its power and carry out top-down nation-building.In short,Jiang Tingfu's theory of imperialism not only shows that he has a good understanding of the world situation since modern times,but also highlights his lack of perception of how to break through the old world system and build a new international order that is more equal and fair.

关 键 词：蒋廷黻 帝国主义 现代化 

分 类 号：K092[历史地理—历史学]