中国营造学社、梁思成与《营造法式》:一部贯穿大半个世纪的学术史  

The Society for Research in Chinese Architecture,Liang Sicheng and Yingzao Fashi:A Scholarly Journey That Has Endured for More Than Half a Century

作　　者：王贵祥[1] WANG Guixiang

机构地区：[1]清华大学建筑学院

出　　处：《建筑史学刊》2023年第4期128-137,共10页Journal of Architectural History

摘　　要：1919年朱启钤先生在南京发现宋《营造法式》并刊印丁本《法式》,之后委托陶湘先生以《法式》诸版本勘核校对并出版陶本《营造法式》,接着朱先生成立中国营造学社,出版《中国营造学社汇刊》并延请梁思成、刘敦桢等学者加盟,从此开启了中国学术界对中国古代建筑史的系统建构,与对宋《营造法式》这部古代建筑大书的深入探索。自梁思成于1925年由乃父处获得陶本《营造法式》到其加入学社,开展紧锣密鼓的古代建筑考察与研究,直至发现唐代佛光寺大殿,接着进入抗日战争时期的艰难岁月,梁先生始终坚持以理解与研究宋《营造法式》为中心,以建构中国建筑史与诠释中国古代营造制度为目标的艰难学术之旅。自1919年朱启钤先生发现《营造法式》至梁先生的学术大作《〈营造法式〉注释》全本以《梁思成全集》第七卷的形式于2001年由中国建筑工业出版社正式出版,其间经历的大半个世纪,正是几代中国学人在探究中国古代建筑奥秘这一学术道路上筚路蓝缕的真实历程。In 1919,Zhu Qiqian’s discovery of the Song dynasty’s architectural treatise,Yingzao Fashi,in Nanjing led to the printing of the renowned“Ding edition”of this work.Subsequently,he entrusted Tao Xiang with the task of meticulously reviewing and publishing the Tao version of Yingzao Fashi in multiple editions of“Fashi”.Zhu’s endeavors culminated in the establishment of the Society for Research in Chinese Architecture,alongside the publication of the Journal of the Society for Research in Chinese Architecture.Eminent scholars such as Liang Sicheng and Liu Dunzhen were invited to join the society,marking the initiation of a systematic exploration of Chinese ancient architectural history within the academic community.This paper delves into the intricate depths of the ancient architectural masterpiece,Yingzao Fashi,originally published during the Song dynasty.Liang Sicheng’s involvement in this endeavor commenced in 1925 when he received a copy of Yingzao Fashi from his father.Throughout the turbulent years of the Anti-Japanese War,Liang remained steadfast in his dedication to comprehending and researching the intricacies of Yingzao Fashi.His relentless pursuit of understanding and interpreting the ancient Chinese architectural system led him to remarkable discoveries,such as the identification of the main hall of Foguang Temple,a Tang dynasty building.This arduous academic odyssey,initiated by Zhu Qiqian’s 1919 discovery and culminating in Liang Sicheng’s magnum opus,An Annotation of Yingzao Fashi,officially published in 2001 as the seventh volume of Liang Sicheng’s Complete Works by China Architecture&Building Press,spans more than half a century.It represents the enduring commitment of several generations of Sinology to unravel the enigmatic intricacies of ancient Chinese architecture and construct a comprehensive history of this remarkable heritage.

关 键 词：朱启钤 《营造法式》 中国营造学社 梁思成 《〈营造法式〉注释》 

分 类 号：TU-092[建筑科学—建筑理论]