从铅银渣中回收金银概况  

Overview of recovery of gold and silver from silver and lead slag

作　　者：郭艳华[1] 杨俊龙[1] 柏亚林[1] 郭海宁[1] GUO Yanhua;YANG Junlong;BAI Yalin;GUO Haining(Northwest Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy,Baiyin 730900,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]西北矿冶研究院,甘肃白银730900

出　　处：《贵金属》2023年第4期91-97,共7页Precious Metals

基　　金：白银区科技计划项目(2022-1-5G)。

摘　　要：为实现铅银渣中金银的综合回收,对铅银渣物理化学性质、有价金属含量、赋存状态、铅银渣中金银的回收方法、研究进展及其应用情况进行综述。铅银渣粒度细、酸度强、可溶物含量高,渣中矿物经历过相体转化由硫化物转变成氧化物,以再造矿物形式存在,选矿难度大;铅银渣有价金属铜、铅、锌、金、银含量较高,经济价值可观。目前,从铅银渣中回收金银的主要方法为浮选法、湿法、火法、湿法-火法联合、选冶联合等。通过分析各种方法优缺点,指出单一的浮选法流程简单、成本低,但金银回收率低;湿法、火法或湿法-火法工业应用良好,但是存在工艺复杂、成本高;选冶联合方法金属回收率高、流程适应性强,便于连续操作,具有较好的发展应用前景。An overview of the recovery of gold and silver from lead and silver slag was presented in this paper,including the physical and chemical properties of silver and lead slag,the content of valuable metals in the slag,the occurrence states of silver and gold,the reported recovery methods and their application and the recent research progress.Lead-silver slag has fine particle size,strong acidity and high soluble content.The minerals in the slag have undergone phase transformation from sulfide to oxide and exist in the form of reconstituted minerals,making the slag difficult to be concentrated.However,the slag has considerable economic value,due to the high content of copper,lead,zinc,gold and silver in it.At present,the main methods of recovering gold and silver from lead and silver slag are flotation,hydro-metallurgy,pyro-metallurgy,combined process of hydro and pyro-metallurgy,combined process of selecting and smelting.By analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of each method,it was pointed out that flotation method is a simple process with low cost,but the resulting recovery of gold and silver is not satisfactory.The latter three methods,despite good industrial application,involve the complicated processes,leading to high costs.As for the combined process of selecting and smelting,it has the advantages of strong adaptability and easy continuous operation and high recovery rates,showing great potential for further development and wide application.

关 键 词：选矿 冶金 铅银渣 选冶联合 综合回收 

分 类 号：TF831[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TF832