八棱海棠种子超低温保存中含水量对糖代谢的影响  

Effects of water content on sugar metabolism of Malus × robusta seed cryopreservation

作　　者：彭颖 朱梦婷 乔谦 李杏 张玥 皮晓飞 刘燕 PENG Ying;ZHU Mengting;QIAO Qian;LI Xing;ZHANG Yue;PI Xiaofei;LIU Yan(Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation&Molecular Breeding,National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture,Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment,Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education,School of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;China National Botanical Garden,Beijing 100093,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院,花卉种质创新与分子育种北京市重点实验室,国家花卉工程技术研究中心,城乡生态环境北京实验室,林木花卉遗传育种教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]国家植物园,北京100093

出　　处：《广西植物》2023年第12期2290-2299,共10页Guihaia

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31770741);雄安新区科技创新专项(2022XAGG0100)。

摘　　要：含水量是影响种子超低温保存效果的关键因素,而其作用机制尚不完全清楚。为探讨含水量对种子超低温保存生活力的影响途径,该研究以八棱海棠种子为材料,通过硅胶干燥法获得不同含水量的种子,测定超低温保存后种子生活力、糖含量及相关酶指标的变化并分析相关性。结果表明:(1)超低温保存15 d后,不同含水量种子生活力不同,随着种子含水量的降低,种子生活力呈现先升高后降低的趋势,含水量为9.02%的八棱海棠种子生活力最高,为53.33%;超低温保存120 d后,种子生活力随着含水量下降一直升高,含水量为6.40%生活力最高,为27.78%。这表明八棱海棠种子含水量对超低温保存后的生活力有明显影响,但受液氮保存时间影响,随着液氮保存时间的延长,最适含水量降低。(2)相关分析显示,超低温保存后种子含水量与生活力呈极显著负相关(r=-0.82);与果糖和蔗糖含量、酸性转化酶、果糖激酶呈显著负相关,而种子萌发率与这些指标呈显著正相关。这表明种子含水量通过影响酸性转化酶活性而影响蔗糖和果糖含量,进而影响蔗糖代谢,响应低温和脱水胁迫,最终导致生活力差异。种子生活力还受到介导果糖激酶的果糖代谢影响。此外,海藻糖也是种子应对脱水和低温胁迫重要的调节物质之一。综上表明,八棱海棠种子不同含水量对其超低温保存后生活力有明显影响,并与蔗糖和果糖代谢差异有关。该研究为揭示种子超低温保存机制提供了理论参考。Water content is a key factor influencing the seed cryopreservation,but its effecting mechanism is not fully understood.In order to explore the effect and way of water content on the viability of seed cryopreservation on viability,Malus × robusta seeds with different water contents were obtained by silica gel.The seed viability,sugar content and related enzyme indexes before and after cryopreservation were measured and correlation analysis were done.The results were as follows:(1) After 15 days of cryopreservation,the viability of seeds with different water contents was different,and the viability of seeds showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing as the water content of seeds decreased,and the seeds with 9.02% water content had the highest germination rate,at 53.33%.But after 120 days of cryopreservation,the viability of seeds increased as the water content decreased,and the seeds with 6.40% water content got the highest germination rate,at 27.78%.This indicates that the water content of Malus × robusta seeds has a significant effect on the viability after cryopreservation.It is affected by the storage time in liquid nitrogen,and the optimum water content decreases as the storage time extended in liquid nitrogen.(2) Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant negative correlation between water content and viability(r=-0.82).There was significant negative correlation with fructose and sucrose content,acid invertase,fructokinase,while seed germination rate was significantly positive correlation with these indexes,suggesting that water content affects the contents of sucrose and fructose through effecting the activity of acid converting enzymes,which in turn affects sucrose metabolism to respond to low temperature and dehydration stress,ultimately leading to differences in viability.The seed viability was also affected by fructose metabolism through fructose kinase.Besides,alginate was one of the important regulatory substances of Malus × robusta seed in response to water and low temperature

关 键 词：八棱海棠 种子超低温保存 含水量 糖代谢 代谢酶 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]