“变工”与互助——青龙山村互惠交换体系的人类学分析  

"Bian Gong"and Mutual Assistance—Anthropological Analysis of the Mutual Exchange System in Qinglongshan Village

作　　者：焦明艳 JIAO Mingyan(School of Nationalities and History,Ningxia University,Yinchuan Ningxia,750000,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学民族与历史学院,宁夏银川750000

出　　处：《文化创新比较研究》2023年第30期87-92,共6页Comparative Study of Cultural Innovation

摘　　要：该文通过对青龙山村互惠交换体系的田野调查作人类学分析,解释“变工”一词作为村民的常用词汇所表达的文化意象,以及阐述变工行为中所蕴含的文化意义。变工是以互惠为交换原则的互助行为,是一种社会交换活动,也是普遍的文化现象。青龙山村人的变工,在其社会生活中有着重要的分量,潜移默化地影响着人们的日常生活。变工不仅保障了经济与社会的正常发展,而且维系了人们之间的感情,加强了人与人之间的社会联结。这种自发性的乡村社会互助体系,在乡村治理方面有着不可或缺的作用。但同时变工下所产生的循环式的人情往来,成为青龙山村人的一种负担。This article conducts an anthropological analysis of the reciprocity exchange system in Qinglongshan Village through field research,explaining the cultural imagery conveyed by the term"change work"as a commonly used term among villagers,and explaining the cultural significance contained in the change work behavior.Job change is a mutual aid behavior based on the principle of reciprocity,which is a social exchange activity and a common cultural phenomenon.The job changes of people in Qinglongshan Village play an important role in their social life and have a subtle impact on people's daily lives.Changing jobs not only ensures the normal development of the economy and society,but also maintains people's emotions and strengthens social connections between people.This spontaneous rural social mutual assistance system also plays an indispensable role in rural governance.But the cyclic human relationships generated by the simultaneous changes in work have become a burden on the people of Qinglongshan Village.

关 键 词：变工 互助 交换 人情 互惠 大传统小传统 

分 类 号：G812.47[文化科学—体育学]