北京典型绿化树种对氮氧化物的抗性  

Resistance of Typical Greening Tree Species to Nitrogen Oxides in Beijing

作　　者：李佳赢 房佳兴 李少宁[1] 王梦雪 张俊杰 赵娜 徐晓天 鲁绍伟[1] Li Jiaying;Fang Jiaxing;Li Shaoning;Wang Mengxue;Zhang Junjie;Zhao Na;Xu Xiaotian;Lu Shaowei(Institute of Forestry and Pomology,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100093,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院林业果树研究所,北京100093

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2024年第2期84-90,共7页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金项目(8212044);国家自然科学基金项目(32071834);北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设项目(KJCX20230209、KJCX20220412)。

摘　　要：通过一次性人工熏气试验,分析不同NO_(2)质量浓度处理时(低质量浓度:50μg·m^(-3)、中质量浓度:150μg·m^(-3)、高质量浓度:250μg·m^(-3))6个典型绿化树种光合速率、PSⅡ最大光化学效率、叶绿素质量分数、超氧化物歧化酶活性、可溶性蛋白质量分数、硝酸还原酶活性的变化规律,并对各指标进行综合性评价分析,比较不同树种NO_(2)抗性特征。结果表明:低、中质量浓度NO_(2)对各树种净光合速率、PSⅡ最大光化学效率、叶绿素质量分数有促进作用,高质量浓度NO_(2)则有抑制作用。其中,低质量浓度NO_(2)处理的促进作用最大,3种指标相比对照分别增加3.78%~38.89%、0.24%~1.79%、5.10%~58.27%。低、中质量浓度NO_(2)对各树种超氧化物歧化酶活性、可溶性蛋白质量分数、硝酸还原酶活性有促进作用,高质量浓度处理则抑制。中质量浓度NO_(2)处理的促进作用最大,该处理时这3种指标相比低质量浓度处理时分别增加0.16%~29.56%、2.99%~41.01%、5.62%~60.33%。针叶树种的NO_(2)抗性强于阔叶树种。低质量浓度NO_(2)处理时,白皮松、国槐抗性较强,银杏、栾树中等,旱柳、油松较差;中、高质量浓度NO_(2)处理时,油松、白皮松抗性较强,银杏、旱柳中等,国槐、栾树较差。The changes in photosynthetic rate,maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII,chlorophyll content,superoxide dismutase activity,soluble protein content,and nitrate reductase activity of six typical green tree species were analyzed through a one-time artificial fumigation test with different NO_(2) mass concentration(low mass concentration:50μg·m^(-3),medium mass concentration:150μg·m^(-3),high mass concentration:250μg·m^(-3)).A comprehensive evaluation and analysis of these indicators were conducted to compare the NO_(2) resistance characteristics of different tree species.The results showed that low and medium mass concentrations of NO_(2) had a promoting effect on net photosynthetic rate,maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII,and chlorophyll content in all tree species,while high mass concentration of NO_(2) had an inhibitory effect.Among them,the low mass concentration treatment produced the greatest promoting effect,resulting in a significant increase of 3.78%~38.89%,0.24%~1.79%,and 5.10%~58.27%in these three indices,respectively,compared to the control.Low and medium mass concentrations of NO_(2) had a promoting effect on superoxide dismutase activity,soluble protein content,and nitrate reductase activity of all tree species,while high mass concentration treatment had an inhibitory effect.The promoting effect of medium mass concentration treatment was the greatest,with an increase of 0.16%~29.56%,2.99%~41.01%,and 5.62%~60.33%for the three indicators compared to the low mass concentration treatment.Coniferous tree species showed stronger resistance to NO_(2) than broad-leaved tree species.Pinus bungeana Zucc.and Sophora japonica Linn.showed stronger resistance to low mass concentration of NO_(2),while Ginkgo biloba L.and Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm.showed moderate resistance,and Salix matsudana and Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.showed poor resistance.Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.and Pinus bungeana Zucc.showed stronger resistance to medium and high mass concentrations of NO_(2),while Ginkgo biloba L.and Salix ma

关 键 词：NO_(2) 人工熏气 绿化树种 污染抗性 

分 类 号：S688[农业科学—观赏园艺]