文冠果古树优良单株筛选与健康评价  

Screening and Health Evaluation of Excellent Individual Characteristics of Xanthoceras sorbifolium Ancient Trees

作　　者：连琛 敖妍 谷飞云 赵艳玲 芦特 Lian Chen;Ao Yan;Gu Feiyun;Zhao Yanling;Lu Te(Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,P.R.China;Shanshui Huigu(Yinchuan)Agriculture and Forestry Technology Co.;State owned Heishui Mechanized Forest Farm in Jianping County;Forestry Research Institute of Chifeng City)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学,北京100083 [2]山水慧谷(银川)农林科技有限公司 [3]国有建平县黑水机械化林场 [4]赤峰市林业科学研究所

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2024年第1期6-13,共8页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2200402)。

摘　　要：文冠果(Xanthoceras sorbifolium)古树具有极高的历史、文化与科研价值,筛选出古树优良单株,并科学、准确地评价古树的健康状况,有利于及时、合理地利用文冠果古树种质资源,制定保护措施。以52株文冠果古树为研究对象,使用熵权法筛选优良单株,通过因子分析法分析影响古树健康的特征指标作为类型划分指标,运用类平均法对各研究对象进行系统聚类。结果表明:(1)筛选出5个文冠果古树优良单株,其各表型性状的均值全部高于参试群体均值。(2)文冠果古树分为优、良、中、差4个健康等级,其中,8株(占比15.38%)文冠果古树健康为优,33株(占比63.46%)文冠果古树健康为良,8株(占比15.38%)文冠果古树健康为中,3株(占比5.77%)文冠果古树健康为差。(3)所选古树优良单株可以作为优良种质资源进行扩繁推广;健康评价结果与实际调查情况一致,高径比、冠高比、一级枝平均长度和主干倾斜度等是影响文冠果古树健康的主要原因。The Xanthoceras sorbifolium ancient trees have extremely high historical,cultural,and scientific research value.Selecting excellent individual plant and scientifically,accurately evaluating the health status of ancient trees is beneficial for the timely and reasonable utilization of X.sorbifolium germplasm resources and the formulation of protection measures.52 X.sorbifolium ancient trees were selected as research objects.The entropy weight method was used to screen excellent individual trees,and the factor analysis method was used to analyze the characteristic indicators that affect the health of ancient trees as classification indicators.The method of class average was used to systematically cluster the objects of study.The results showed that:(1)Five excellent individual trees of X.sorbifolium ancient trees were selected,and the average values of their phenotypic traits were all higher than the average values of the test population.(2)The X.sorbifolium ancient trees were classified into 4 health grades:excellent,good,medium,and poor.Among them,the health of 8 X.sorbifolium ancient trees was excellent(15.38%),the health of 33 X.sorbifolium ancient trees was good(63.46%),the health of 8 X.sorbifolium ancient trees was medium(15.38%),the health of 3 X.sorbifolium ancient trees was poor(5.77% of the total).The selected excellent individual plants can be used as excellent germplasm resources for propagation and promotion.The health evaluation results were consistent with the actual survey situation.The ratio of height to diameter,crown to height,average length of primary branches and trunk inclination was the main factors affecting the health of the ancient tree.

关 键 词：文冠果 古树 优良单株 健康评价 

分 类 号：S565.9[农业科学—作物学] S792.26