模拟长期失重对白化与非白化大鼠眼部影响的比较  

Comparison of Ocular Changes after Simulated Long-term Microgravity Exposure between Albino and Non-albino Rats

作　　者：危冬昱 穆玉雪 许馨月 苏玉婷 李少衡 曹瑞丹 张作明 陈涛 WEI Dongyu;MU Yuxue;XU Xinyue;SU Yuting;LI Shaoheng;CAO Ruidan;ZHANG Zuoming;CHEN Tao(Aerospace Clinical Medical Center,School of Aerospace Medicine,Air Force Military Medical University,Xi’an 710032,China;Department of Aviation Medicine,Xijing Hospital,Air Force Military Medical University,Xi’an 710032,China;Department of Ophthalmology,Xijing Hospital,Air Force Military Medical University,Xi’an 710032,China)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学航空航天医学系航空航天临床医学中心,西安710032 [2]空军军医大学西京医院空勤科,西安710032 [3]空军军医大学西京医院眼科,西安710032

出　　处：《实验动物科学》2023年第6期1-6,共6页Laboratory Animal Science

基　　金：全军实验动物专项科研课题(SYDW[2020]22);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2022SF-236);航空航天医学双一流建设引导专项优博支持计划(2022YBZC07);北京亦城合作发展基金会资助项目(YCXJ-JZ-2022-007)。

摘　　要：目的 比较白化鼠与非白化鼠在长期模拟失重后眼部结构与功能的改变,完善和补充长期微重力暴露所致眼部损伤疾病动物模型构建方法。方法 将正常雄性Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠(白化鼠)和Brown-Norway(BN)大鼠(非白化鼠)各12只随机分为SD正常对照组(N_(S))、BN正常对照组(N_(B))、SD模型组(M_(S))和BN模型组(M_(B)),每组6只,模型组采取30°头低位尾悬吊8周模拟长期失重,在造模结束后利用视网膜电流图(ERG)和视觉诱发电位(VEP)检测大鼠的视觉功能,石蜡切片HE染色观察视网膜形态,同时通过小动物眼底成像系统观察大鼠眼底血管改变情况。结果 在8周尾吊模拟失重后,M_(S)组与N_(S)组相比,暗适应3.0 ERG反应振幅明显下降(P<0.01),VEP的P2波峰时值明显延长(P<0.01),HE染色显示外核层变薄(P<0.01),眼底可见脉络膜血管血流增多,而M_(B)组与N_(B)组相比,视网膜结构与功能均无明显变化。结论 与非白化大鼠相比,白化大鼠在长期模拟失重情况下更容易出现眼部损伤,视网膜色素上皮细胞中黑色素合成相关蛋白可能是研究对抗模拟长期失重导致视网膜退行性变的重要分子。Objective To compare the changes of ocular structure and function in albino rats and non-albino rats after simulated long-term microgravity exposure,and to improve and supplement the animal model of ocular injury caused by simulated long-term microgravity exposure.Method Male SD and BN rats,each 12,were randomly divided into control group(N_(S) and N_B) and model group(M_(S) and M_B).30 ° headed-down tail suspension for 8 weeks was used to simulate microgravity for model group.At the end of the model,electroretinogram(ERG) and visual evoked potential(VEP) were used to detect the function of retina.The morphology of retina was observed by HE staining,and the changes of blood vessels in fundus were observed by small animal fundus imaging system.Result After 8 weeks of simulated weightless suspension,the structure and function of the retina of Sprague-Dawley rats(SD,albino rats) changed significantly,and the amplitude of ERG dark adaptation 3.0 response decreased significantly(P< 0.01),the peak time of P1 wave of VEP was significantly prolonged(P<0.01),HE staining showed thinning of the outer nuclear layer(P<0.01),increased blood flow of choroidal vessels was observed in the fundus,while there were no significant changes in retinal structure and function in Brown-Norway rats(BN,non-albino rats) after suspension.Conclusion Albino rats exhibit heightened vulnerability to ocular damage when exposed to prolonged simulated weightlessness,thus warranting investigation into the role of melanin synthesis-associated proteins within the retinal pigment epithelium as a potential means of mitigating retinal degeneration induced by prolonged simulated weightlessness.

关 键 词：白化鼠 非白化鼠 SD大鼠 BN大鼠 模拟失重 视网膜退行性病变 

分 类 号：Q95-3[生物学—动物学]