滇池流域花卉设施土壤氮磷淋失特征  

Characteristics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Leaching from Flower Facility Soils in the Dian Lake River Basin

作　　者：杨艳清 张继来 邱雁 无 Yang Yan-qing;Zhang Ji-lai;Qiu Yan

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学建筑工程学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南省高校智能设施农业工程研究中心,云南曲靖655099 [3]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《化工设计通讯》2023年第12期208-210,共3页Chemical Engineering Design Communications

基　　金：云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2022J0304)。

摘　　要：为探求滇池流域设施土壤在灌溉过程中氮磷淋失的特征,以滇池南岸和东岸花卉设施土壤为研究对象,采用室内土柱淋溶模拟灌溉法,开展设施土壤氮磷淋失研究。研究结果表明,不同花卉设施土壤中的氮、磷随着灌溉次数的增加逐渐流失。花卉设施土壤氨氮随着灌溉次数的增加迅速流失,单位质量土壤氨氮平均淋失量为0.14~1.69 mg/kg;花卉设施土壤中的总氮淋失最高,淋出浓度最高可达649 mg/L,单位质量土壤总磷平均淋失量为5.6~21.8 mg/kg;花卉设施土壤总磷淋失随灌溉次数表现出下降和先上升后下降两种趋势,单位质量土壤总磷平均淋失量为0.11~0.32 mg/kg。In order to explore the characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus leaching from facility soil during irrigation in the Dianchi Lake Basin,this study focuses on the southern and eastern banks of flower facility soil in Dianchi Lake.The indoor soil column leaching simulation irrigation method is used to conduct experimental research on nitrogen and phosphorus leaching from facility soil.Facility soil is the research object,and indoor soil column leaching simulation irrigation method is used to conduct nitrogen and phosphorus leaching experiments on facility soil.The research results indicate that the nitrogen and phosphorus produced by soil from different flower facilities gradually decrease with the increase of irrigation frequency.The soil ammonia nitrogen in flower facilities rapidly loses with the increase of irrigation frequency,and the average amount of ammonia nitrogen leaching per unit mass of soil ranges from 0.14 mg/kg to 1.69 mg/kg;The total nitrogen leaching in the soil of flower facilities is the highest,with a leaching concentration of up to 649 mg/L,and the average leaching amount of total phosphorus per unit mass of soil is within the range of 5.6 mg/kg to 21.8 mg/kg;The leaching loss of total phosphorus in soil of flower facilities shows two trends with irrigation frequency:decreasing,first increasing,and then decreasing.The average leaching amount of total phosphorus per unit mass of soil is between 0.11 mg/kg and 0.32 mg/kg.The research results provide a scientific basis for reducing soil nutrient loss and water pollution in the Dianchi Lake Basin.

关 键 词：土壤淋溶 土柱模拟 总磷 氨氮 总氮 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]