唐代监察官选拔铨叙制度与现实启示  

Selection and Management System of Ombudsmen in Tang Dynasty and Its Practical Enlightenment

作　　者：司春燕[1] 章志强 SI Chunyan;ZHANG Zhiqiang(Department of Politics and Law,Shandong Provincial Party School of the CPC(Shandong Institute of Administration),Jinan 250014,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]中共山东省委党校〈山东行政学院〉政治和法律教研部,山东济南250014

出　　处：《廉政文化研究》2023年第5期87-96,共10页Anti-corruption and Integrity Culture Studies

摘　　要：唐代统治者十分重视监察制度在治国理政中发挥的重要作用,对监察官的选拔和铨叙也提出了更高的要求。在监察官的选拔方面,要求监察官有真才实学、刚直嫉恶和地方任职经历等,采取宰相荐举、宪台征聘和皇帝敕授等多元的选任方式,并制定了严格的任职回避制度;在监察官的铨叙方面,监察官多被授予较低的官阶,且对其考核和惩诫十分严苛,同时监察官的任期也多采取短任制。唐代监察官选拔铨叙制度培养了一大批高素质的监察人才,有效维护了当时的统治秩序,其中的宝贵经验对当代监察官制度建设有重要的参考价值:既要不断完善监察立法,也要提高监察官的准入门槛,同时还应当积极拓宽监察官的选任方式。The rulers of the Tang Dynasty attached great importance to the important role played by the supervisory system in governing the country,and also put forward higher requirements for the selection and appointment of ombudsmen.In terms of the selection of ombudsmen,those who serve as ombudsmen need to have true talents,uprightness,aversion to evil,and bottom-level work experience.The selection adopts multiple methods such as prime minister’s recommendation,supervisory organization’s recruitment and appointment by the emperor,a strict system of avoidance having been established;In terms of the management of ombudsmen,most of ombudsmen were given a low official rank,but the assessment and punishment were very strict,a short-term serving system having been established.The system of selecting and managing ombudsmen injected vitality into the vigorous development of the supervisory system in the Tang Dynasty,effectively maintaining the then governing system,providing important reference value for the improvement of today’s supervisory system.It is necessary to continuously improve the law of supervision and raise the entry threshold for ombudsmen,and at the same time,the ways of selecting and managing ombudsmen should be actively broadened.

关 键 词：监察官 选拔铨叙 唐代 

分 类 号：D691.49[政治法律—政治学]