重点国有林区林业职工老龄化趋势表征、潜在影响与应对机制  

Trend Characteristics, Potential Impact and Coping Mechanism of theAging of Forestry Workers in Key State-owned Forest Areas

作　　者：潘思宁 朱震锋[1] 宋玥 PAN Sining;ZHU Zhenfeng;SONG Yue(College of Economics and Management,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学经济管理学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《林业经济问题》2023年第4期393-400,共8页Issues of Forestry Economics

基　　金：东北林业大学国家级大学生创新创业项目(DC-2023089);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2572020BM022)。

摘　　要：重点国有林区改革完成后面临经济社会转型的复杂形势,林业职工老龄化趋势必然引发林区经济社会结构与功能、林区生态建设实践方面的深刻变化。首先,从林区人口流动发展历程出发,归纳演绎林业职工老龄化发展趋势与典型特征,包括林业职工老龄化风险较高、老龄化林业职工陷入多重生计困境、住房风险依然存在、家庭财产性收入不足;然后,深入分析林业职工老龄化趋势的潜在影响,如不利于多种经营下的产业转型、生态资源保护质量难以保证、家庭生计持续脆弱风险加剧;最后,提出应对林区林业职工老龄化趋势的措施机制,包括多元化产业发展机制、现代化技术支持机制、专业化职工培育机制、持续化社会保障机制。⑴Background——There are obvious signs of population outflow in Northeast China in recent years.The aging of forestry workers will bring severe challenges to the protection of natural forest resources and ecological construction in forest areas.This will inevitably lead to profound changes in the economic and social structure and function of forest areas and the practice of ecological construction in forest areas.⑵Methods——On the basis of sorting out the development process of population flow in the key state-owned forest areas,according to the data of the people s livelihood monitoring project of the key state-owned forest areas from 2012 to 2021,this paper discusses the trend characteristics of the aging of forestry workers in the key state-owned forest areas and analyzes its potential impact.⑶Results——First,the aging risk of forestry workers was higher.The age distribution of forestry workers was concentrated in the age range of 40-60 years old,and the proportion of young workers was relatively stable,which is difficult to provide sustained and strong support for the economic growth and industrial transformation of state-owned forest areas.Second,the aged forestry workers and their families had multiple livelihood difficulties.First of all,the family medical burden of the aged forestry workers was greater.The ratio of direct medical expenditure to total income showed an overall upward trend,and this ratio rose to 9.7%in 2020,and some indirect medical costs such as transportation costs,escort costs and opportunity costs also brought a certain burden to the families of the aged forestry workers.Secondly,the housing risk of forestry workers families still existed.There were still a considerable number of forestry workers living in the forest farms in the mountains,and the transportation was inconvenient.The housing conditions had not been thoroughly repaired and improved for many years.Finally,the property income of forestry workers families was insufficient.In the total income composition of fore

关 键 词：重点国有林区 林业职工 人口老龄化 国有林区改革 

分 类 号：F326.22[经济管理—产业经济]