老年骨质疏松性椎体骨折患者再发椎体骨折的危险因素分析  

Analysis of risk factors for recurrent vertebral fractures in elderly patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures

作　　者：叶洁玉 陈立红 阮华耀 许华亮 YE Jieyu;CHEN Lihong;RUAN Huayao;XU Hualiang(Orthopedics Department,Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital,Guangzhou 510220,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市红十字会医院骨科,广州510220 [2]广东药科大学临床医学院临床医学系

出　　处：《中国临床护理》2023年第12期765-768,772,共5页Chinese Clinical Nursing

基　　金：广州市卫生健康科技一般引导项目(编号:20241A010017);广东省临床教学基地教学改革研究项目(编号:2021JD196);大学生创新创业计划创新训练项目(编号:202210573056)。

摘　　要：目的评估老年骨质疏松性椎体骨折患者出院后再次发生椎体骨折的情况,探讨再发椎体骨折的相关危险因素。方法回顾性收集2021年在广州某三甲医院住院的老年骨质疏松性椎体骨折患者的住院资料及随访资料,依据是否再发椎体骨折将其分为再发骨折组和非再发骨折组,并进行单因素分析和二元Logistic回归分析。结果最终纳入156例患者,其中55例再次发生椎体骨折,发病率为35.26%。二元Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、有高血压或糖尿病史、出院后是否接受抗骨质疏松治疗、是否采取防滑措施是老年骨质疏松性椎体骨折患者出院后再次发生椎体骨折的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论老年骨质疏松性患者初次发生椎体骨折后易再发椎体骨折,医护人员应对高龄、有高血压或糖尿病史的患者采取针对性的护理,强调出院后接受抗骨质疏松治疗和采取防滑措施的重要性,降低再发椎体骨折的风险。Objective To assess the incidence of recurrent vertebral fractures in elderly patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures after discharge,and explore its risk factors.Methods The hospitalization data and follow-up data of elderly patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(OVCF)who were hospitalized in a grade-A tertiary hospital in Guangzhou in 2021 were retrospectively collected.According to whether there was a recurrent vertebral fracture,all patients were divided into a recurrent group and a non-recurrent group.Then the univariate and binary logistic regression analyses were performed.Results A total of 156 patients were included,55 had a refracture,amounting to an incidence of 35.26%.According to the binary logistic regression analysis,elderly age,hypertension and diabetes history,no anti-osteoporosis medication and no anti-slip measures were risk factors of the recurrence(P<0.05).Conclusion Elderly patients with initial vertebral fractures due to osteoporosis are prone to recurrent vertebral fractures.Targeted care should be given to older patients,patients with hypertension or diabetes mellitus,and the importance of osteoporosis treatment and anti-slip measures after discharge from hospital should be emphasized to reduce the risk of recurrent vertebral fractures.

关 键 词：骨质疏松性椎体骨折 再次椎体骨折 老年患者 危险因素 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]