成都四环路内工业废弃地自生植物生境及物种多样性  

The Habitat and Diversity of Spontaneous Plants in Industrial Wasteland in the Fourth Ring Road of Chengdu

作　　者：包钰婷 李晓鹏 黄瑞 BAO Yuting;LI Xiaopeng;HUANG Rui(the School of Architecture,Southwest Jiaotong University)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学建筑学院

出　　处：《风景园林》2024年第1期103-111,共9页Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目“成都城区自生植物的分布格局及其对绿地异质性的响应”(编号52108065)。

摘　　要：【目的】城市工业废弃地是自生植物重要的栖息地之一。揭示此类特殊生境中自生植物的物种组成和多样性特征,可以指导低维护植物景观的营建。【方法】采用网格布样法结合典型样点方法,选取成都市四环路内不同方位的10个重工业和轻工业废弃地,共584个样方展开自生植物调研,根据场地特征将工业废弃地生境分为荒置生境、半硬质生境、水湿生境和建筑生境四大类,在此基础上,细分出自生草地、砖石地、洼地等14种微生境,并分析不同生境和微生境中的自生植物物种组成和多样性特征。【结果】共记录到237种自生植物,隶属69科、186属。自生植物的生活型以多年生草本为主,占总物种数的30.80%。在自生植物群落多样性上,不同废弃年限和不同面积废弃地中的物种频度存在显著性差异,生境与微生境的物种丰富度差异不显著,但各生境间和微生境间的群落多样性呈极显著差异。【结论】为未来工业废弃地再利用的低维护植物规划提供了新思路,通过科学保留和利用自生植物,形成规划—“自然”设计—再规划的过程,激发工业废弃地自然恢复能力与潜力,并能最大化发挥再野化对工业废弃地生态修复和自然景观营造的作用。[Objective]In cities,there is a category of plants given little attention,the so-called spontaneous plants.Although being“indigenous urban inhabitants”,such plants are often seen as targets for removal due to their rough and messy appearance,strong breeding and settlement capabilities,and competitive advantage over cultivated plants.However,in the current context of ecological sustainability,people are gradually realizing that large-scale homogenized landscapes are not the optimal solution for the healthy development of urban ecosystems.It is necessary to explore other beneficial solutions,and spontaneous plants,the inconspicuous“urban weeds”,may be the“key”to such new solutions.Urban industrial wasteland is one of the important habitats for spontaneous plants.Revealing the species composition and diversity characteristics of spontaneous plants in such special habitats may guide the construction of low-maintenance plantscape.[Methods]This research focuses on the central urban area within the Fourth Ring Road(Chengdu Ring Expressway)in Chengdu City,Sichuan Province.The area is divided into the four parts of southeast,northeast,northwest,and southwest parts,based on the lines connecting the four entrances and exits of the Chengdu Ring Expressway to Tianfu Square.Through stratified random sampling,the research determines the potential for reusing wasteland as green space based on land use planning,surrounding water systems,and people’s usage needs.Subsequently,the research selects from within the Fourth Ring Road 10 typical industrial wastelands,including the lands for both light and heavy industries,based on their distribution,size,and industrial type.In total,584 quadrats are recorded,and the habitat types of spontaneous plants are categorized into four major types:abandoned habitat,semi-hard habitat,wetland habitat,and building habitat.Furthermore,14 micro-habitat types including spontaneous grassland,spontaneous shrub grassland,and spontaneous underwood are classified based on different stages of p

关 键 词：植物景观 自生植物 城市工业废弃地 生境异质性 物种组成 群落多样性 

分 类 号：TU986.2[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]