水上迫降适航审定对民用飞机设计影响分析  

Impact of the airworthiness certification of water landing on civil aircraft design

作　　者：胡远根 李耀华 王洛 高小军 HU Yuangen;LI Yaohua;WANG Luo;GAO Xiaojun(AVIC The First Aircraft Institute,Xi’an 710089,China)

机构地区：[1]航空工业第一飞机设计研究院,西安710089

出　　处：《民用飞机设计与研究》2023年第4期127-133,共7页Civil Aircraft Design & Research

摘　　要：随着全球航班跨海飞行变得越来越频繁,民用飞机水上迫降逐渐成为国内外适航审定部门关注的重点,从民用飞机水上迫降基本概念出发,立足于水上迫降适航条款要求,参考国内外相关文献,并结合民用飞机水上迫降适航审定经验和教训,给出了民用飞机水上迫降适航符合性验证中关于水上迫降应急设备、应急出口、最大客座量、应急撤离时间和漂浮时间的适航审定要求及相关研究思考,重点论述了不申请水上迫降合格审定和申请水上迫降合格审定两种情况下相关水上迫降适航条款蕴含的深层次要求和进行适航符合性验证的不同思路方法以及为符合水上迫降适航审定要求需在飞机设计早期阶段着重予以考虑的事项,以期为国内其他飞机型号的研制提供一定参考和借鉴。As global flights across the sea become more and more frequent,water landing of civil planes has gradually become a key focus for airworthiness certification authorities both at home and abroad.Starting from the basic concept of water landing for civil aircraft,referencing to relevant literatures at home and overseas and requirements for airworthiness clauses of water landing,as well as combining with the experience and lessons of water landing airworthiness,this article provides some airworthiness certification requirements and research thoughts about emergency equipment,emergency exit,maximum passenger capacity,emergency evacuation time and floating time of airworthiness compliance verification of civil aircraft landing on water.The article focuses on the deep-seated requirements contained in the airworthiness clauses of water landing and different ideas and methods for verifying airworthiness compliance under two circumstances:not applying for water ditching certification and applying for water ditching certification.In order to meet the requirements of airworthiness certification,it is necessary to pay attention to the issues that must be considered in the early stage of aircraft design,in the hope of to providing some reference for the development of other domestic aircraft types in China.

关 键 词：民用飞机 水上迫降 适航审定 

分 类 号：V223.4[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]