西北交通与左宗棠收复新疆战略谋定之关系  

Relationship between Transportation in Northwest China and Zuo Zongtang's Strategic plan to Recover Xinjiang

作　　者：李佳佳[1] LI Jiajia(School of Marxism,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学马克思主义学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《兰州交通大学学报》2023年第6期140-143,共4页Journal of Lanzhou Jiaotong University

基　　金：2019年国家社科基金青年项目“抗战时期国民政府西北交通开发政策与成效研究”(19CZS041);2019年国家社科基金重大项目“抗战时期西北国际通道资料整理及研究”(19ZDA218);2022年兰州交通大学“天佑青年托举人才计划”基金资助。

摘　　要：晚清以来,西北交通非常落后,沿用传统驿运制度,以大车道和人畜力为主要交通方式。左宗棠收复新疆过程中,认识到落后的交通与军事运输矛盾突出,严重影响战略部署和行军速度。为此,其致力于修整西北驿道、沿途植树造林、疏浚水渠和开挖水井;“先北后南”、“缓进急战”作战方针,是其根据西北军事、地理、交通落后情形做出因时制宜、因地制宜的战略因应,符合实际战略原则,收到克敌制胜效果。这体现了左宗棠行军中的审时度势、运筹帷幄,亦反衬出交通运输本是军事行动中的辅助环节,却成为战争的中心环节。传统落后的交通条件危及边疆安全,不利于边疆治理和民族地区的国家认同。Since the late Qing Dynasty,transportation in the northwest has been very backward,relying on the traditional postal system and mainly using carts and human and animal labor as the primary means of transportation.When Zuo Zongtang recovered Xinjiang,he realized that the contradiction between backward northwest transportation and military transportation was prominent,which had seriously affected the march speed and strategic deployment.To this end,it devoted himeself to repairing the Northwest post road,planting trees along the way,dredging canals and digging Wells.The operational policy of"first north and then south"and"slow advance and urgent war"is a strategic response according to the backward situation of military,geography and transportation in the northwest,which had been in accordance with the practical strategic principles and had received the effect of subduing the enemy.This reflects Zuo Zongtang's thinking of the situation and strategizing for the recovery of Xinjiang,and also shows that transportation is an auxiliary link in military operations,and become the central link in the war.The traditional backward transportation conditions pose a threat to border security and hinder border governance and national identity in ethnic regions.

关 键 词：左宗棠 新疆 西北交通 军事运输 作战方针 

分 类 号：K250.6[历史地理—历史学]