夏大豆鼓粒施氮效应及与粒重的相关性  

Nitrogen Effect on Grain Bulging and Its Correlation with Grain Weight of Summer Soybean

作　　者：陈昱利 杨平 徐冉[2] 毕海滨 巩法江 王东峰 卓玛 高明慧 CHEN Yuli;YANG Ping;XU Ran;BI Haibin;GONG Fajiang;WANG Dongfeng;ZHUO Ma;GAO Minghui(Zibo Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zibo 255000,Shandong,China;Crop Research Institute,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]淄博市农业科学研究院,山东淄博255000 [2]山东省农业科学院作物研究所,济南250100

出　　处：《农学学报》2023年第12期28-33,共6页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划项目“夏大豆水肥精准管理关键技术研究与示范应用”(2019GNC106129)。

摘　　要：为定量分析夏大豆鼓粒施氮效应及与粒重的相关性,于2020和2021年夏大豆生长季开展施氮田间定点试验,通过系统分析不同施氮水平下夏大豆籽粒百粒重和鼓粒速率随鼓粒天数的变化规律,以及各级鼓粒参数与粒重间的内在联系,明确了夏大豆鼓粒施氮效应及与粒重的相关性。结果表明:百粒重随鼓粒天数增加呈“Logistic”曲线的变化趋势,鼓粒速率随鼓粒天数呈“单峰”曲线的变化趋势,过量施氮或氮肥亏缺均会缩短鼓粒持续时间,在一定程度上提高平均鼓粒速率。夏大豆粒重与鼓粒持续时间呈显著正相关,与快增期和缓增期的持续时间呈极显著正相关,而鼓粒速率和鼓粒持续时间主要由快增期和缓增期的鼓粒速率和鼓粒持续时间决定。施氮可以增加夏大豆粒重,但过量施氮则会对粒重形成起到抑制作用,延长鼓粒持续时间,特别是鼓粒中后期的持续时间,有利于粒重形成。To quantitatively analyze the nitrogen effect on grain bulging and its correlation with grain weight of summer soybean,the field fixed-point experiment of different nitrogen application was conducted in 2020 and 2021 summer soybean growing seasons.The variation patterns of 100 grain weight and bulging rate of summer soybeans with bulging days under different nitrogen application levels,as well as the internal relationship between various bulging parameters and grain weight were analyzed systematically,and the nitrogen application effect of summer soybeans and its correlation with grain weight were clarified.The result showed that the 100-grain weight in different treatments showed a“Logistic”curve with the increase of grain bulging days;the grain bulging rate showed a“single peak”curve with the increase of grain bulging days.Excessive or deficient application of nitrogen could shorten the duration of bulging,and the average bulging rate was increased in a certain extent.There was a significant positive correlation between grain weight and the duration of bulging period of summer soybean,and a very significant positive correlation between the duration of fastgrowing period and slow-growing period.However,the rate and duration of grain bulging were mainly determined by the rate and duration of grain bulging in the fast and slow growth stages.Nitrogen application could increase the grain weight of summer soybean,but excessive nitrogen application could inhibit the formation of grain weigh.Extending the duration of bulging,especially in the middle and late stages of bulging,was beneficial to the formation of grain weight.

关 键 词：夏大豆 鼓粒 施氮效应 粒重 相关性 

分 类 号：S314[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]