云贵高原区青贮玉米不同播种方式的饲草产量和效益  

Study on the Biomass and Benefit of Silage Corn with Different Sowing Patterns in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau

作　　者：李世平 张诗慧 袁福锦[1] 侯洁琼 余梅[1] 吴文荣[1] 刘彦培 欧阳青[1] 刘建勇[1] 钟声[1] LI Shiping;ZHANG Shihui;YUAN Fujin;HOU Jieqiong;YU Mei;WU Wenrong;LIU Yanpei;OUYANG Qing;LIU Jianyong;ZHONG Sheng(Yunnan Academy of Grassland Animal Science,Kunming 650212,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省草地动物科学研究院,云南昆明650212 [2]云南农业大学动物科学与技术学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《草学》2023年第6期44-48,共5页Journal of Grassland and Forage Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0501804);云南省重大科技专项(2019ZG011);云南省现代农业草产业技术体系(2019KJTX0018)共同资助。

摘　　要：以大田生产试验数据为依据,分析了不同播种方案对青贮玉米单株生长、饲草产量和经济效益的影响。研究结果表明:云贵高原区青贮玉米生产时,采用农机穴播,播种量45kg/hm^(2),种植密度8~9万株/hm^(2)时,饲草产量和效益最高。与籽实玉米生产相比,青贮玉米不仅有更高的经济效益,而且在抵制自然灾害导致的减产风险方面也具有一定优势。但青贮玉米生产在收贮、运输及利用等方面与籽实玉米生产相比存在一定局限性。云贵高原区玉米改籽实为青贮原料生产时,其规模应与当地养牛、养羊业的发展规模相适应。To determine the effects of sowing methods on the growth,biomass and economic benefit of silage corn,field experiments were conducted in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau.The results showed that:Sowing regime with bunched planting by machinery,in whichseeding rate and the planting density of cormn silage were 45kg/hm^(2),8×104~9×104 plants/hm^(2),respectively,showed the highest yield and benefits.Moreover,compared withkernel corn production,silage corn showed higher economic benefits and took advantages in resisting the reduction caused by natural disasters;in contrast,there were limitations on storage,transportation and utilization.Therefore,silage corn transferred fromkernel corn production should be compatible with the developing scale of the local cattle and sheep in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau.

关 键 词：青贮玉米 播种密度 播种方式 产量 效益 云贵高原 

分 类 号：S513.042[农业科学—作物学]