美国经济治理失灵的根源、机制及启示  

The Root Cause,Mechanism and Enlightments of the Failure of American Economic Governance

作　　者：王生升 刘慧慧 方敏[2] Wang Shengsheng;Liu Huihui;Fang Min(School of Marxism,Nankai University;School of Economics,Peking University)

机构地区：[1]南开大学马克思主义学院 [2]北京大学经济学院

出　　处：《政治经济学评论》2023年第6期177-192,共16页China Review of Political Economy

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“遵循矛盾运动的展开逻辑构建中国特色社会主义政治经济学理论体系”(项目编号:21AZD107)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：美国经济治理的失灵根源于其经济基础中对抗性矛盾的激化,两党互斗的政坛乱象不过是经济基础中激化的矛盾在政治生活中的集中表现。自20世纪90年代开始,美国经济逐步呈现金融化趋势,不仅恶化了劳动力再生产的社会条件,也侵蚀着技术创新的产业根基,导致美国国内产业资本积累面临无法克服的困境,资本主义生产关系再生产面临巨大的断裂风险,这成为引发美国国家经济治理失灵的直接原因。从历史长周期视角看,美国经济金融化趋势是资本与雇佣劳动矛盾、资本积累与社会消费矛盾以及产业资本与金融资本矛盾累积深化的必然结果。资本主义国家的本质在于维护资本主义生产关系存续,这从根本上决定了美国国家经济治理的制度边界。三重矛盾的累积深化严重挤压了美国经济治理的政策空间,使其陷入顾此失彼的制度性失灵。The failure of American economic governance is rooted in the intensification of contradictions in its economic basis.The political chaos in which the two parties fight each other is just the concentrated expression of the intensified contradictions in the economic basis in political life.Since the 199os,the US economy has gradually shown a trend of financialization,which not only worsens the social conditions for labor reproduction,but also erodes the industrial foundation of technological innovation.As a result,domestic industrial capital accumulation in the United States faces an insurmountable dilemma,and the reproduction of capitalist production relations faces a huge risk of rupture,which has become the direct cause of the failure of American national economic governance.From a long-term historical perspective,the financialization trend of the US economy is the inevitable result of the contradictions between capital and wage labor,between capital accumulation and social consumption,and between industrial capital and financial capital.The essence of a capitalist state is to maintain the existence of capitalist production relations,which fundamentally determines the institutional boundaries of American national economic governance.The accumulation and deepening of the triple contradictions have severely squeezed the policy space of economic governance,making American fall into an institutional failure of focusing on one thing and losing sight on the other.

关 键 词：资本主义国家 经济治理 金融化 对抗性矛盾 

分 类 号：F124[经济管理—世界经济] F171.2