北京市妊娠妇女焦虑与抑郁水平的影响因素分析:领悟社会支持的中介作用  

Analysis on the influencing factors of anxiety and depression among pregnant women in Beijing:The mediating role of perceived social support

作　　者：鲍成臻 刘凤洁[1] 张雯[1] 韩历丽[1] BAO Chengzhen;LIU Fengjie;ZHANG Wen;HAN Lili(Department of Maternal and Child Health Care,Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital,Capital Medical University.Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Beijing 100026,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院/北京妇幼保健院保健部,100026

出　　处：《中国生育健康杂志》2024年第1期14-17,53,共5页Chinese Journal of Reproductive Health

基　　金：首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院中青年学科骨干培养专项(FCYY201930)。

摘　　要：目的探索妊娠妇女焦虑、抑郁水平的影响因素及其作用路径,为改善妊娠妇女焦虑、抑郁水平提供依据。方法2020年4月-2021年11月在首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院,采用随机抽样法,对建档的妊娠妇女的一般情况、领悟社会支持水平、焦虑与抑郁情况进行调查。结果在282份有效问卷中,存在焦虑、抑郁情绪的妊娠妇女分别占比9.2%和9.9%,领悟社会支持平均分为(70.8±11.5)。负性生活事件(焦虑:r=0.48,P<0.05;抑郁:r=0.51,P<0.05)、领悟社会支持(焦虑:r=-0.38,P<0.05;抑郁:r=-0.39,P<0.05)与妊娠妇女焦虑、抑郁水平有显著相关性。对妊娠妇女而言,领悟社会支持在负性生活事件与焦虑、抑郁之间的中介效应分别占总效应的12.3%和12.0%。结论领悟社会支持在负性生活事件与妊娠妇女焦虑、抑郁水平间起到中介作用,要降低妊娠妇女焦虑、抑郁水平,就应提高社会支持,尽量避免其经历负性生活事件。Objective To explore influencing factors of anxiety and depression in pregnant women and their pathways,which can provide evidence for improving the level of anxiety and depression in pregnant women.Methods A random sampling method was used to investigate the general characteristics,perceived social support,anxiety and depression of pregnant women who were registered in Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital,Capital Medical University from April 2020 to November 2021.Results In 282 valid questionnaires,the percentage of pregnant women who were suffering from anxiety and depression were 9.2%and 9.9%,respectively,and the average score of perceived social support was(70.8±11.5).Negative life events(anxiety:r=0.48,P<0.05;Depression:r=0.51,P<0.05),and perceived social support(anxiety:r=-0.38,P<0.05;Depression:r=-0.39,P<0.05)were significantly correlated with anxiety and depression in pregnant women.For pregnant women,the mediating effects of perceived social support between negative life events and anxiety,depression accounted for 12.3%and 12.0%of the total effects,respectively.Conclusions Perceived social support played mediating roles between negative life events and anxiety,depression in pregnant women.In order to reduce the level of anxiety and depression in pregnant women,it was necessary to improve their social support and avoid them to suffer from negative life events.

关 键 词：妊娠妇女 焦虑 抑郁 社会支持 

分 类 号：R17[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]