冷链物流企业的分布特征与空间模式——以百强企业为例  

Distribution Characteristics and Spatial Patterns of Cold Chain Logistics Enterprises:Case Study of Top 100 Enterprises

作　　者：李绪茂 李弢[1,2] 张永 LI Xumao;LI Tao;ZHANG Yong(Transport Planning and Research Institute,Ministry of Transport,Beijing 100028,China;Laboratory for Traffic&Transport Planning digitalization,Beijing 100028,China;School of Transportation,Southeast University,Nanjing 210096,China)

机构地区：[1]交通运输部规划研究院,北京100028 [2]综合交通规划数字化实验室,北京100028 [3]东南大学交通学院,江苏南京210096

出　　处：《综合运输》2023年第12期149-154,共6页China Transportation Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(42201194);河南省交通运输部厅科技开发项目(2021G1)。

摘　　要：为研究冷链物流发展的空间特征与规律,本文基于冷链物流百强企业数据,运用GIS可视化工具,系统分析冷链物流在多尺度的空间特征和分布模式。研究表明:我国冷链物流百强企业数量呈现出东多西少、南多北少、通道分布及内陆主导的空间非均衡性,城市群和省会城市的空间集聚特征;企业实力呈现出东强西弱、南强北弱的格局。企业的自主选择在空间上形成了单一分布模式、主导分布模式和分散分布模式3种主要模式。大型城市群、直辖市、省会城市是当前冷链物流基地建设的关键区域和主要节点,而基地布局也需要兼顾东、中、西不同区域和范围的发展需要,推动冷链物流发展的统一性和协调性。Based on the data of the top 100 enterprises of cold chain logistics,this paper systematically analyzes the spatial characteristics and distribution patterns of cold chain logistics at multiple scales by using GIS visualization tools to reveal the spatial characteristics and rules of the development of cold chain logistics.The results show that the number of China's top 100 cold chain logistics enterprises presents the spatial disequilibrium of more enterprises in the east and less enterprises in the west,more enterprises in the south and less enterprises in the north,the distribution of passageways and the inland dominance,and the spatial agglomeration characteristics of urban agglomerations and provincial capitals.The strength of enterprises is strong in the east and weak in the west,strong in the south and weak in the north.The independent selection of enterprises has formed three main spatial modes:single distribution mode,dominant distribution mode and dispersed distribution mode.Large urban agglomerations,municipalities directly under the Central Government and provincial capitals are the key regions and main nodes for the construction of cold chain logistics bases at present,and the layout of the bases also needs to take into account the development needs of different regions and ranges in the east,central and west,so as to promote the unity and coordination of the development of cold chain logistics.

关 键 词：冷链物流 分布特征 空间模式 百强企业 冷链物流基地 

分 类 号：F259.23[经济管理—国民经济]