区块链视域下“中心—去中心化”的理论探源与逻辑建构:一个政治经济学框架  

Theoretical Exploration and Logic Building of Centralization and Decentralization from the Perspective of Blockchain:A Framework in Political Economy

作　　者：宋冬林[1,2] 孙尚斌 SONG Donglin;SUN Shangbin(Center for China Public Sector Economy Research,Jilin University,Changchun Jilin 130012;School of Marxism,Jilin University,Changchun Jilin 130012)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学中国国有经济研究中心,吉林长春130012 [2]吉林大学马克思主义学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《经济纵横》2023年第11期1-16,F0002,共17页Economic Review Journal

基　　金：国家社科基金专项重点项目“数字经济引领现代化经济体系建设研究”(编号:20AZD043);吉林大学2023年研究生创新研究计划“中国特色社会主义政治经济学基本范畴发展研究”(编号:2023CX033)的成果。

摘　　要：中心一语极富政治经济学意涵。中心首先是经济活动、经济资源的中心,并据此成为经济权力的中心,因此,中心具有经济权力的内生性及生产力与生产关系二重性。在资本主义社会,中心普遍为微观市场主体,其中介属性与资本属性之间的内在矛盾使中心表现出双向作用,并推动着中心发展。最终中心的演化史成为社会的中心化史,并契合于资本主义基本矛盾的尖锐化趋势,从而预示着中心终将走向自我扬弃。数字平台是中心发展的最新样态,它凭借对数字资源集合的掌控,在建构中心化的同时也生成去中心化的物质条件,特别是区块链凭借中介离场和资源共享特性,使组织内去中心化成为可能。但在生产力高度发展从而实现消灭分工和生产资料私有制之前,去中心化仅为外生性中心消解与内生性中心强化共存。The word"center"has profound political and economic implications.A center of economic activities and resources will become the center of economic power.Therefore,an economic center has the nature as the source of economic power and reflects both productivity and production relations.In the capitalist society,a center is generally a micro market entity.The inherent contradiction between the intermediary and capital attributes endows the center with dual effects and promotes the center's development.Therefore,the evolution history of the center is the history of social centralization and in line with the intensifying contradictions of capitalism,which indicates that the center will eventually evolve towards self-development and abandonment.Digital platforms are the latest trend in the development of centers.With their control over the collection of digital resources,digital platforms not only contribute to centralization but also generate material conditions for decentralization.Especially,blockchain,with its intermediary and resource sharing characteristics,enables decentralization in organizations.However,before the high development of productivity which leads to the elimination of division of labor and private ownership of means of production,decentralization is manifested as the coexistence of the elimination of exogenous centers and the strengthening of endogenous centers.

关 键 词：中心 去中心化 区块链 经济权力 内生性中心 

分 类 号：F014.1[经济管理—政治经济学]