中国种业产业链现代化发展成效、难点及推进策略  

Modernization of China's Seed Industry Chain:Achievements,Difficulties,and Promotion Strategies

作　　者：张义博[1] 张成鹏 ZHANG Yibo;ZHANG Chengpeng(Institute of Industrial Economics and Technological Economics,Academy of Macroeconomic Research,Beijing 100038)

机构地区：[1]中国宏观经济研究院产业经济与技术经济研究所,北京100038

出　　处：《经济纵横》2023年第11期80-87,共8页Economic Review Journal

摘　　要：建设农业强国,种业必须强。近年来,党中央把种源安全提升到关系国家安全的战略高度,持续加大对现代种业的支持力度,推动我国保种、育种、繁种、推种、管种等种业产业链各个环节均取得重大进展。“十四五”及未来一个时期,在新一轮农业科技革命、国家强力政策推动和国内外市场需求驱动下,我国种业产业链呈现技术精准化、种源自主化、市场集中化、链条服务化升级特征,但也面临种质资源收集和开发利用不足、育种关键核心技术有短板、有实力的大型种子企业缺乏、优良品种高效推广尚存障碍、新品种审定和保护体系不健全等难题。下一步应将问题导向和目标导向相结合,开展优异种质资源收集、鉴定与开发利用行动,实施现代育种技术“卡脖子”环节联合攻关工程,培育壮大国家种业阵型企业,创新优良品种推广服务体系,健全新品种审定和监管保护体系,加快提升我国种业产业链现代化水平。The seed industry is the key to building up China's strength in agriculture.In recent years,the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has elevated seed source security to a strategic height related to national security and continuously increased the support for the modern seed industry.Accordingly,progress has been achieved in China's seed industry chain,involving conservation,breeding,muliplication,popularization,and management.Driven by a new round of agricultural revolution,national policies,and market demand during the 14th Five-Year Plan period and the coming period,China's seed industry chain embraces precise technologies,independent seed sources,concentrated market,and upgraded services.However,it faces a variety of problems including insufficient collection and development of germplasm resources,shortcomings in key breeding technologies,lack of leading seed enterprises,obstacles in the efficient promotion of elite varieties,and unsound systems for the approval and protection of new varieties.Focusing on both problems and goals,efforts in the future should be made to collect,identify,and develop elite germplasm resources,implement joint research projects to break the bottlenecks of modern breeding technology,foster leading seed enterprises,innovate elite variety promotion service systems,and improve the approval and protection systems for new varieties,so as to accelerate the modernization of China's seed industry chain.

关 键 词：种业产业链 种源安全 种质资源 农业强国 

分 类 号：F324.6[经济管理—产业经济]