基于循环类比的压缩空气储能系统效率分析  

Eficiency Analysis of Compressed Air Energy Storage Systems Based on Cycle Analogy

作　　者：孙晓霞 桂中华 郭欢[2] 康浩源 黄璐靖 张新敬 周健 SUN Xiaoxia;GUI Zhonghua;GUO Huan;KANG Haoyuan;HUANG Lujing;ZHANG Xinjing;ZHOU Jian(Pumped-storage Technological&Economic Research Institute,State Grid Xinyuan Company Ltd.,Beijing 100761,China;Institute of Engineering Thermophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]国网新源控股有限公司抽水蓄能技术经济研究院,北京100761 [2]中国科学院工程热物理研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《工程热物理学报》2023年第10期2625-2632,共8页Journal of Engineering Thermophysics

基　　金：国家电网公司科技项目(No.525730210003)。

摘　　要：在国家“双碳”战略驱动下,先进压缩空气储能系统成为了可再生能源大规模接入电网的关键支撑技术之一。目前先进压缩空气储能系统效率仍有较大提升空间,各级压缩机/膨胀机独立蓄热是一种提高效率的有效方式。本文对这种独立蓄热的先进绝热压缩空气储能(AA-CAES)系统展开系统效率分析,并提出了一种基于循环类比(类比于布雷顿循环)的分析方法,能够从理论上清晰看到压比、级数和压比分配对系统效率的影响规律。结果发现:换热温差和压缩机/膨胀机等熵效率一定时,压力分级级数越少,总压比越大,系统效率越高;在独立蓄热和恒定压缩机/膨胀机等熵效率条件下,等压比运行方式的优势将不再显现,但等压比仍是一种节约系统成本的方式。Driven by the national"Carbon peaking,Carbon neutrality"strategy,the advanced compressed air energy storage system is being used as one of the key supporting technologies for grids with large-scale renewable energy.At present,the efficiency of advanced compressed air energy storage system still has much room for improvement.Independent thermal storage among all compressor/expander stages is an effective way to improve system efficiency.In this paper,the system efficiency analysis for advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage(AA-CAES)systems with independent thermal storage is carried out,and an analysis method based on the temperatureentropy diagram and cycle analogy(analogy to the Brayton cycle)is proposed,which can clearly see the influence of pressure ratio,stage number and pressure-ratio distribution on the system efficiency theoretically.The results show that when the temperature difference of heat exchange and the compressor/expander isentropic efficiency are constant,the fewer the stages and the greater the total pressure ratio are,the higher the system efficiency is.Under the conditions of independent thermal storage and constant compressor/expander isentropic efficiency,the advantages of equal pressure-ratio operation mode will no longer appear,while which is still a wag to save system costs.

关 键 词：压缩空气储能 压比 系统效率 布雷顿循环 温熵图 

分 类 号：TK02[动力工程及工程热物理]