不同树龄漾濞泡核桃坚果表型与内在品质比较分析  

Comparative Analysis on the Characters and Internal Quality of Yangbi Walnut Nuts at Different Ages

作　　者：王伟国 潘莉 王高升 吴涛 廖永坚 耿树香 宁德鲁 马婷 WANG Wei-guo;PAN Li;WANG Gao-sheng(Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Fengqing County,Fengqing,Yunnan 675900;Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland,Kunming,Yunnan 650201)

机构地区：[1]凤庆县林业和草原局,云南凤庆675900 [2]云南省林业和草原科学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第1期115-117,124,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省林业科技推广项目(〔2021〕ts10号);云南省“两类”人才培养项目(202005AD160018)。

摘　　要：为比较不同树龄漾濞泡核桃品质,以云南省凤庆县不同地点采集的漾濞泡核桃幼龄树、盛果树和古树果实为对象,对7个坚果表型性状和10个内在品质进行分析测定。结果表明:不同树龄漾濞泡核桃坚果大小及出仁率变异系数<8.00%,性状相对稳定,受树龄影响不大;粒重、仁重和壳厚变异系数分别为17.41%、16.11%和25.44%,表现出较大差异,其中盛果树粒重和仁重显著高于幼龄树和古树,古树壳厚显著高于盛果树;幼龄树、盛果树和古树粗脂肪含量分别为65.87%、62.59%、64.83%,蛋白为15.28%、16.74%、15.74%,盛果树粗脂肪含量显著低于古树和幼龄树,蛋白显著高于古树和幼龄树;古树核桃饱和脂肪酸总量平均为9.28%,显著高于盛果树和幼龄树,不饱和脂肪酸总量3个树龄间无显著差异;古树核桃亚油酸和α-亚麻酸含量分别为62.98%和8.28%,显著高于其余2个树龄,油酸与之相反,显著低于幼龄树和盛果树;主成分综合分析排序为盛果树>古树>幼龄树。In order to compare the quality of Yangbi walnut at different ages,7 phenotypic characters and 10 internal qualities were analyzed and determined with the young trees,fruit-bearing trees and ancient trees collected at different locations in Fengqing County.The results showed that the variation coefficient of nut size and kernel yield of Yangbi walnut at different tree ages was less than 8%,and the relative stability of the characters was not affected by the tree age;the variation coefficients of grain weight,kernel weight and shell thickness were 17.41%,16.11%and 25.44%,respectively,showing significant differences.The grain weight and kernel weight of fruit-bearing trees were significantly higher than those of young trees and ancient trees,and the shell thickness of ancient trees was significantly higher than that of fruit-bearing trees;the crude fat content of young trees,fruit-bearing trees and ancient trees is 65.87%,62.59%and 64.83%respectively,and the protein content is 15.28%,16.74%and 15.74%respectively.The crude fat content of fruit-bearing trees is significantly lower than that of ancient trees and young trees,and the protein content is significantly higher than that of ancient trees and young trees;the average content of saturated fatty acids of walnut in ancient trees was 9.28%,which was significantly higher than that of fruit-bearing trees and young trees.There was no significant difference in the total content of unsaturated fatty acids among three tree ages;ancient tree walnut linoleic acid andα-linolenic acid content was 62.98%and 8.28%,respectively,significantly higher than that of the other two tree ages,while the oleic acid content was significantly lower than that of young trees and fruit trees;the principal component comprehensive analysis ranked fruit-bearing trees>ancient trees>young trees.

关 键 词：漾濞泡核桃 不同树龄 坚果表型 品质 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]