不同密度对山西蒙古黄芪生长发育与产量的影响  

Effects of Different Densities on the Growth and Yield of Astragalus membranaceus

作　　者：樊良帅 李进瞳 曾燕 樊红梅 王继永 FAN Liang-shuai;LI Jing-tong;ZENG Yan(Chinese Medicine Seed Industry Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100035;China Chinese Medicine Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100195)

机构地区：[1]国药种业有限公司,北京100035 [2]中国中药有限公司,北京100195

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第1期164-167,171,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省忻州市五寨县农业农村局政府项目“山西五寨芪良种繁育示范基地建设及产业化推广”;国家中医药管理局科技部科技助力经济项目“山西道地药材黄芪制种及种子加工关键技术研究及应用示范”;国家中药材产业技术体系遗传改良研究室建设项目(CARS-21)。

摘　　要：[目的]分析不同密度对山西蒙古黄芪种子种苗出苗情况及蒙古黄芪生长发育与产量的影响,筛选出适合山西蒙古黄芪种子育苗密度及种苗移栽密度。[方法]采用随机区组试验设计,蒙古黄芪种子育苗密度分3种方式(60、75、90 kg/hm^(2)),蒙古黄芪一年生种苗移栽密度分3种方式(8 cm×25 cm、12 cm×25 cm、15 cm×25 cm),研究不同密度对山西蒙古黄芪的生长发育和产量的影响,得出山西蒙古黄芪种子最适宜育苗密度和种苗最佳移栽密度。[结果]蒙古黄芪种子育苗密度试验得出,60 kg/hm^(2)密度最好,其种苗株高为16.10 cm,茎粗1.50 mm,功能叶片数16.93个,主根长27.34 cm,根粗为4.35 cm;蒙古黄芪种苗移栽密度试验得出,12 cm×25 cm移栽密度最佳,其出苗率为90.67%,与8 cm×25 cm和15 cm×25 cm移栽密度相比,其一年生和二年生蒙古黄芪根系生长指标及种子药材产量相比均有所提高。[结论]山西蒙古黄芪种子的最佳育苗密度为60 kg/hm^(2),山西蒙古黄芪种苗的最佳移栽密度为12 cm×25 cm。[Objective]To analyze the effects of different densities on the emergence of seed seedlings,growth and yield of Astragalus membranaceus,and to screen out the suitable seed seedling density and seedling transplanting density of Astragalus membranaceus.[Method]A randomized block experiment design was used.The seedling density of Astragalus membranaceus seed was divided into 3 ways(60,75,90 kg/hm^(2)).The transplanting density of annual Astragalus membranaceus seedlings was divided into 3 ways(8 cm×25 cm,12 cm×25 cm and 15 cm×25 cm).The effects of different densities on the growth and yield of Astragalus membranaceus were studied,and the optimal seedling density and transplanting density of Astragalus membranaceus seeds were obtained.[Result]The seedling density experiment showed that 60 kg/hm^(2)was the best,with plant height of 16.10 cm,stem diameter of 1.50 mm,number of functional leaves of 16.93,primary root length of 27.34 cm,root diameter of 4.35 cm.The results of seedling density experiment showed that 12 cm×25 cm was the best planting density,and the seedling emergence rate was 90.67%.Compared with 8 cm×25 cm and 15 cm×25 cm,the root growth index and the yield of seeds of annual and biennial Astragalus membranaceus were all improved.[Conclusion]The optimal seedling density of Astragalus membranaceus was 60 kg/hm^(2),and the optimal transplanting density was 12 cm×25 cm.

关 键 词：育苗密度 移栽密度 山西蒙古黄芪 生长发育 产量 

分 类 号：S567.23[农业科学—中草药栽培]